How did influenza and other Respiratory Viral Infections circulate during the COVID pandemic?
The COVID-19 pandemic changed how respiratory viruses, such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), circulated and were detected in clinical settings. While these viruses are common causes of respiratory illness, their presence was notably lower during the height of the pandemic compared to previous years.
What the research says
Research comparing pediatric hospital admissions before and during the COVID-19 era showed a significant drop in the detection of several respiratory pathogens. Specifically, the percentage of cases involving influenza dropped from 5% before the pandemic to just 0.3% during the pandemic period 7. Similarly, the detection of RSV was lower during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels 7.
While these other viruses were less frequently detected in hospitals during the pandemic, they still posed risks to patients. For example, a large study of patients tested for multiple viruses found that influenza and RSV infections had different outcomes regarding hypoxemia (low blood oxygen) and death compared to SARS-CoV-2 alone 2. Additionally, while many symptoms following respiratory infections are common across different viruses, some specific conditions like pulmonary embolism or brain fog were more frequently reported after a SARS-CoV-2 infection than after other types of respiratory viral infections 3.
What to ask your doctor
- How did the circulation of influenza and RSV change in our local area during the pandemic?
- What are the current risks for common respiratory viruses like influenza and RSV?
- Are there specific symptoms that distinguish a COVID-19 infection from other respiratory viruses?
- What vaccinations are currently recommended to protect against both COVID-19 and seasonal respiratory viruses?
This question is drawn from common patient questions about Pulmonology & Critical Care and answered using cited medical research. We do not provide individualized advice.