Pediatrics

All Pediatrics Articles

• Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation achieves transfusion independence in children with KLF1 mutation-associated CDA IV
• Children with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing have significantly smaller upper airway cross-sectional areas
• Sepsis, not breastfeeding, and no KMC significantly increase mortality risk in low birth weight neonates
• Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics do not provide clinically important benefits on hemoglobin or ferritin in children
• Abdominal ultrasound detects portal venous gas more frequently than conventional radiography in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis
• PA-VLLF ChatGPT architecture achieves 86.36% accuracy in pediatric pain assessment comparable to senior experts
• New 15-item scale reliably measures parental agency in Chinese NICUs
• Plyometric Training Boosts Jump, Sprint, Agility in Teens
• 28% recurrence rate after antiseizure medication withdrawal in children with epilepsy
• Metagenomic sequencing identifies Rickettsia felis encephalitis in a child who fully recovered
• Compound heterozygous mutations in NPHP4 gene identified in a patient with nephronophthisis and proteinuria
• Echocardiographic Measures Predict Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants
• VR-based exercise improves executive function in children with autism, meta-analysis finds
• Physical abuse prevalence is 61.7% among children and youth experiencing homelessness
• Recipe 4 Success improves parenting and toddler outcomes based on working alliance strength
• Shorter rifamycin-containing regimens show comparable efficacy to longer isoniazid monotherapy for latent tuberculosis infection
• ERAS protocols may optimize clinical outcomes and rehabilitation for pediatric patients with fractures
• Scleral-fixated intraocular lenses improve visual acuity and show low complication rates in pediatric eyes
• Propranolol and propafenone provide stable management for CALM2 mutation related LQTS/CPVT overlap in children
• Pediatric delirium affects 38% of critically ill children in meta-analysis
• FDA Approves Augmentin Es-600 (amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium) for Recurrent Acute Otitis Media in Children
• Multimodal lung-protective strategies reduce BPD risk in preterm infants
• Conservative management leads to improvement in Chinese children with Ménétrier disease
• Adjunctive steroids reduce mortality in adult TB meningitis patients but not in children
• Nalmefene reduces sufentanil-induced cough incidence to 11.3% at 0.1 μg/kg in children
• Imatinib achieves complete cytogenetic response in a pediatric patient with suspected chronic myeloid leukemia
• Benzodiazepines increase delirium and sleep fragmentation risk while dexmedetomidine shows mixed evidence in pediatric ICU
• Blood product removal reduces permanent shunting risk and mortality in infants with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus
• Predictors of Polysomnography Progression in Children with Mild Sleep-Disordered Breathing
• Obstructive Sleep Apnea Affects Nearly Half of Cystic Fibrosis Patients
• Trained general practitioners achieve substantial agreement with radiologists in abdominal aortic aneurysm ultrasound screening
• Meta-analysis reveals significant disparities in childhood anthropometric failure across global regions
• Balloon dilation of the eustachian tube improves audiological outcomes in pediatric patients with ETD
• Arthroscopy-assisted physeal bar resection restores knee motion in toddler
• High-dose IVIG with phototherapy reduces exchange transfusion rates by 76% in neonatal hemolytic disease
• Coronal fragment treatment with calcium silicate bioceramic sealer maintains aesthetic stability in dental trauma
• Early postnatal antibiotic exposure increases BPD risk in very preterm infants across 11 studies
• Infliximab treatment achieved clinical remission in a pediatric patient with autoinflammation with infantile enterocolitis
• Single-stage reconstruction shows no significant difference compared to staged reconstruction for bowel continence
• WDR26 gene variants are associated with Skraban-Deardorff syndrome and delayed language development
• Behavioral therapy produces sustained improvements in tic symptoms for children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome
• Sarcopenic obesity may impair bone formation and reduce mineral content in children and adolescents
• Oxytocin use and high newborn weight are associated with increased episiotomy risk during vaginal birth
• Individuals with developmental dyslexia exhibit medium magnitude impairments in fine motor skills compared to neurotypical peers
• Short-course antibiotics cut complication risk by half in pediatric osteoarticular infections
• Balanced crystalloids reduce time to DKA resolution by 1.60 hours compared to 0.9% saline
• Preterm birth linked to higher pain intensity and heat pain thresholds in meta-analysis
• Lower lip capillary malformation occurs in all patients with CLAPO syndrome
• 30% of pediatric patients with migraine report at least one adverse event during pharmacological prophylaxis
• Dermatitis Herpetiformis prevalence in Celiac Disease patients is 6.8% with high heterogeneity
• Osteopetrosis in children: orthopaedic management guided by bone brittleness and fracture risk
• Aerobic exercise reduces subthreshold depressive symptoms in adolescents compared to psychoeducation
• Observational survey identifies determinants of Infant and Young Child Feeding practices in children with SAM
• Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG does not significantly impact composite outcomes in VLBW infants
• Rotarix PCV-free meets non-inferiority for seroconversion rates compared to Rotarix in infants
• Long-term relapse rate in children with convulsions and mild gastroenteritis is 9.8% (95% CI 5.2%-17.7%)
• SQ-LNS reduces hair cortisol concentration in children of mothers with limited schooling
• Liquefied petroleum gas cookstove intervention showed no significant effect on infant early child development
• Maternal age, BMI, and irregular folic acid supplementation are associated with higher birth defect risk
• Caesarean birth and perinatal antibiotics are associated with reduced gut microbial diversity
• Long-term exercise improves executive function in children with ADHD, meta-analysis finds
• Polymer-based materials provide comparable clinical performance for deep margin elevation in indirect restorations
• Nebulised Chinese herbal medicine as adjunctive therapy improves clinical effective rate in pediatric pneumonia
• Parent-targeted digital health interventions increase the odds of exclusive breastfeeding with an odds ratio of 2.58
• Refugee and asylum seeker status is associated with high prevalence of clinically significant sleep disturbances
• Ketogenic diet therapies improve seizure reduction rates in children and adults with drug-resistant epilepsy
• Monoclonal antibodies reduce RSV-related hospitalizations in premature infants with nirsevimab showing highest SUCRA values
• Thoracoscopic resection provides favorable outcomes for pediatric patients with extralobar pulmonary sequestration complicated by torsion
• Technology-based reading interventions yield small-to-moderate gains in elementary students with reading difficulties
• HFNC reduces treatment failure and PICU stay in pediatric bronchiolitis compared to LFNC
• Cannabidiol is associated with 49.9% seizure reduction in patients with Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies
• Childhood psychological abuse is significantly associated with suicidal ideation in college students
• Pediatric Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis presents with skull involvement in 48.8% of cases
• Child maltreatment prevalence reaches 38% among children and adolescents in Ethiopia
• Music education is associated with significant medium-sized improvements in executive function among children
• Girls exhibit greater sit-and-reach flexibility than boys across all ages from 3 to 16
• Children with posterior urethral valves and adverse prognostic features have 1.44 times higher CKD risk
• Clinical decision rules significantly reduce radiography for pediatric ankle injuries in emergency department settings
• Human milk fortifiers for preterm infants: a narrative review of current and investigational options
• RSV infection complicated by acute otitis media in 27.7% of children under 5
• Myopia prevalence among Malaysian children is estimated between 16% and 25% depending on diagnostic methods
• Nirsevimab and maternal RSVpreF vaccination show approximately 80% effectiveness against RSV-associated hospitalization in children
• Erythropoietin Dynamics and Neuroimaging Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Infants with Retinopathy
• Biodegradable oral hygiene tools show no clear plaque reduction versus plastic toothbrushes
• Early hemodynamic phenotyping may improve risk stratification and prevent pulmonary vascular disease in preterm infants
• Inguinal cryptorchidism is associated with a 10-fold higher risk of testicular torsion
• Student characteristics across developmental domains correlate positively with academic achievement in early and secondary education
• Lung ultrasound demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing transient tachypnea of the newborn
• Early Intervention services are associated with medium-high improvements in Family Quality of Life
• TMS electrophysiological biomarkers show distinct patterns across ADHD, Tourette syndrome, MDD, ASD, and CP
• TiRobot-assisted surgery improves pedicle screw accuracy and reduces neurologic complication rates in spinal deformity patients
• Adherence, Regimen, Travel Time Affect HIV Suppression in Children
• Multidisciplinary training and structured protocols improve skin-to-skin contact implementation in neonatal intensive care units
• High HIV viral load linked to telomere shortening in children
• AI models show moderate sensitivity of 0.78 and specificity of 0.84 for diagnosing necrotizing enterocolitis
• Long Term Developmental Impacts of Early Childhood Low Language Proficiency
• Genital venous malformation in a child: case report and diagnostic framework
• Low-dose iron supplementation reduces behavioral problems in healthy infants at 3 years
• Modern lifestyle factors, including heavy backpacks and obesity, alter gait biomechanics in school-aged children
• Omalizumab may improve asthma and food allergy in a pediatric liver transplant recipient
• Evaluating the Impact of Rapid Diagnostic Panels on Pediatric Pneumonia Management
• A systematic review protocol plans to assess AI readiness in Ghana Health Service contexts
• Schistosomiasis infection increases odds of malaria co-infection by 1.27 in children and adolescents
• Balance training improves static, dynamic, and functional balance in children with developmental disorders
• Risk factors and protective behaviors identified for myopia in Chinese school students
• Topical emollient application improves skin integrity and topical oil reduces sepsis risk in preterm neonates
• Post-extubation dysphagia incidence ranges from 28.36% to 68.94% in critically ill children
• Social and emotional skills training shows non-significant reductions in loneliness among children and adolescents
• Prenatal 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure is associated with lower birth weight in infants across specific sub-analyses
• Congenital cytomegalovirus is associated with a 10-fold increased risk of vestibular changes in children
• Ambulatory hypertension in pediatric chronic kidney disease patients increases risk of left ventricular hypertrophy
• Early enteral feeding reduces hospital stay by 3.53 days and speeds time to full feeds
• NICU noise levels frequently exceed recommended limits and primarily originate from alarms and respiratory devices
• MIRAGE syndrome in a neonate: SAMD9 mutation links 46,XY DSD with multisystem features
• Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine provides immunogenicity comparable to Salk-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine
• Reduced-dose craniospinal radiation and smaller volume boost for medulloblastoma patients
• Aprotinin and tranexamic acid show varying efficacy for hemostasis in neonatal cardiac surgery
• Multimodal therapy and targeted inhibitors show modest activity for pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney
• Deferred single-stage surgical intervention is a safe option for repairing omphalocele with congenital stoma
• Interrupted suturing shows no significant difference from continuous suturing in TIP urethroplasty for hypospadias
• Fluconazole resolves pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent adolescent
• tDCS improves core symptoms and social communication in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders
• Malaria vaccines RTS,S/AS01 and R21/Matrix-M reduce malaria risk in children
• POCUS-assisted catheterization increases first-attempt success to 89.7% versus 72.5% in children under 36 months
• Breastfeeding and milk odor reduce pain scores and crying duration in term and preterm infants
• Endoscopic ear surgery reduces operative time and complications versus microscopic surgery for congenital ossicular malformation
• Pediatric movement disorders cause caregiver stress, anxiety, depression, and physical strain
• Pleuropulmonary blastoma diagnosed after initial rhabdomyosarcoma interpretation in a 2-year-old boy
• High-Dose Vitamin D and Low-Dose Vitamin A May Reduce Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants
• Phase II pilot study of hu14.18K322A plus chemotherapy in 153 children with high-risk neuroblastoma
• Erratum issued for previous report on pediatric melatonin ingestions in the US
• DOHH mutation in a 10-year-old boy links cardiomyopathy, hypoparathyroidism, and neurodevelopmental delays
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome with IgA nephropathy requires early recognition and multidisciplinary management
• Interdisciplinary early developmental intervention programs may offer small benefits for selective attention and behavioral problems in preterm children
• Bosentan lowers treatment failure risk in neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn by 73%
• IVIG and platelet transfusions managed immune thrombocytopenia in a very preterm infant with intraventricular hemorrhage
• Velcro ties cut adverse event risk, silver foam dressing ranks highest for pediatric tracheostomy pressure injury prevention
• Arterial hypotension is a late sign of decompensated shock linked to increased mortality and adverse neurologic outcomes in critically ill children
• Cam morphology found in 48% of adolescent and young adult athletes with FAI syndrome
• Quadruple antimycobacterial regimen achieves clinical stability in cystic fibrosis patient with M. abscessus
• Structural cerebral abnormality prevalence rises from 23.1% prenatally to 50.3% postoperatively in isolated congenital heart disease
• Later publication years and neuraxial anesthesia lower postanesthesia apnea odds in infants
• Single intrauterine fetal death in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated by twin anemia polycythemia sequence leads to significant risks for the surviving co-twin
• Photobiomodulation reduces pain from dental injections in children by 1.25 points on Wong-Baker scale
• Relational Savoring increases closeness and satisfaction in 240 post-NICU parents
• 33% of children and adolescents with acute behavioural disturbance had prior recreational drug use
• Autistic traits show moderate association with camouflaging at 0.34 effect size
• Cumulative ACEs strongly linked to 3-fold higher odds of mental disorders
• Chinese children with math learning difficulties show severe deficits across domains, meta-analysis finds
• Educational games improve continuous outcomes for school bullying and cyberbullying with small pooled effects
• White noise intervention reduces pain scores and crying time in newborns during invasive procedures
• Higher ADHD medication doses improve efficacy up to a threshold before benefits plateau
• H. pylori prevalence reaches 77.2% in Vietnamese children and 58.7% in adults across 8204 and 4641 participants respectively
• Pre-existing mental health issues significantly raise risks for preterm birth and low birth weight in women
• FDA Approves Nulibry (cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate) for Molybdenum Cofactor Deficiency Type A
• Ultrasound may aid pediatric constipation diagnosis in various clinical settings
• Case report describes bilateral simple excision in a 10-year-old child with cervical branchial remnants
• High-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine shows non-inferior immunogenicity in Chinese children aged 6 to 35 months
• Cluster RCT Protocol Tests Enhanced Early Childhood Development Program in Chinese Primary Care
• Narrative review highlights distinct biological processes in pediatric suicidal behavior compared to adults
• Review of ruxolitinib for systemic juvenile arthritis with macrophage activation syndrome
• Systematic review and meta-analysis of levetiracetam efficacy in pediatric epilepsy patients
• Case report confirms X-linked Alport syndrome diagnosis in a young girl with family history
• Systematic review of orthognathic surgery outcomes in 6,482 patients with dentofacial deformities
• Achievement emotions and working memory correlate with second language learning in primary school students
• GSK investigational MMRV vaccine shows comparable immunogenicity to licensed MMRV in healthy children
• Guideline secondary analysis shows non-significant trend for higher enteral nutrition use in pediatric Crohn's disease registry groups
• Narrative review of Digital First Primary Care model in NHS England patients
• Meta-analysis shows early kangaroo care reduces mortality in very preterm infants compared to conventional care
• Systematic review and meta-analysis of liposomal iron versus conventional iron in pediatric iron deficiency anemia
• Narrative review discusses paradoxical inflammatory reactions in pediatric patients receiving biologic therapy
• Systematic review and meta-analysis links pRBC transfusion to NEC deterioration in neonates
• Systematic review and meta-analysis links pediatric cerebral AVMs with congenital heart defects and outlines prognostic factors
• Systematic review of educational programs and system improvements for organ donation barriers
• Narrative review on gut microbiota modulation in Henoch-Schonlein purpura pathogenesis
• Systematic review maps 50 most-cited articles on pediatric respiratory infections
• Systematic review and meta-analysis links prenatal NSAIDs to higher kidney disease risk in children
• Planned early birth reduces maternal morbidity and stillbirth risk in late preterm hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
• Structured parenting programme improves emotion regulation strategies in Swedish parents of toddlers
• Expert consensus on managing dysbiosis in infants born by cesarean section
• Vital pulp therapy shows higher success odds than root canal in immature teeth
• Systematic review and meta-analysis of laser fluorescence devices for detecting dental caries in children
• Childhood Immunization Coverage in Somalia Remains Critically Low
• Review of a case of Down syndrome T-ALL with complex karyotype and treatment response
• Meta-analysis shows oral zinc sulfate significantly lowers bilirubin levels in infants with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia across multiple time points
• Meta-analysis compares Herbst and Twin Block appliances for Class II malocclusion in growing patients
• Meta-analysis shows infants prefer prosocial puppets but findings lack generalizability outside North America
• Systematic review links shorter newborn transfer times to better survival in LMICs and HICs
• Meta-analysis finds coaching improves teacher practice and child outcomes in early childhood settings
• Systematic review and meta-analysis compares Rome III and Rome IV criteria for functional abdominal pain disorder prevalence
• FDA Approves Dextrose 5% Injection for Hydration and Calorie Source
• Azithromycin at discharge does not reduce pneumococcal carriage in Kenyan children
• Narrative review on pediatric perianal abscess management and fistula risk
• Meta-analysis finds antibiotics alone comparable to drainage for pediatric post-appendectomy abscess
• Narrative review on pediatric otitis media risk factors and biomarkers
• Meta-analysis provides normative pediatric sleep data across age groups
• Narrative review examines neuropsychiatric manifestations of celiac disease in pediatric and adult populations
• Review synthesizes IQSEC2 variant features in developmental encephalopathy and Rett-like syndrome cases
• Systematic review and meta-analysis on postoperative dysglycemia prevalence in pediatric cardiac surgery
• Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Finds IL-27 Superior to CRP for Neonatal Sepsis Diagnosis