How did U.S. surveillance define acute flaccid myelitis in children during the EV-D68 outbreak?
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a rare condition that causes sudden muscle weakness in children. During the 2014 outbreak, U.S. health officials recognized it as a specific illness separate from polio. Surveillance systems were built to track cases during respiratory virus outbreaks, particularly those caused by enterovirus D-68 (EV-D68).
What the research says
In 2014, AFM was defined as a distinct entity following reports of acute limb weakness in previously healthy children during an EV-D68 outbreak 3. The condition is characterized by acute flaccid paralysis with involvement of spinal motor neurons 5. A key diagnostic requirement is the presence of a spinal cord lesion on magnetic resonance imaging that is primarily limited to the grey matter 6.
What to ask your doctor
- What specific symptoms in my child might indicate acute flaccid myelitis?
- How does the imaging of the spinal cord help confirm the diagnosis?
- What are the current surveillance methods used to track this condition in our area?
- Is there a link between recent respiratory illness and muscle weakness in my child?
This question is drawn from common patient questions about Pediatrics and answered using cited medical research. We do not provide individualized advice.