Is photobiomodulation therapy effective for reducing oral mucositis in cancer patients?

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), also known as low-level laser therapy, uses specific wavelengths of light to reduce inflammation and promote healing. For cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation, oral mucositis (painful mouth sores) is a common side effect. Multiple studies show that PBMT can significantly lower the risk and severity of oral mucositis, as well as reduce pain.

What the research says

A 2026 meta-analysis of seven randomized trials found that PBMT reduced the risk of oral mucositis by about 50% (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.35-0.73) in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy ². Another large meta-analysis of 30 trials in head and neck cancer patients reported that PBMT lowered the risk of severe oral mucositis by 54% (RR 0.46) and severe oral pain by 65% (RR 0.35) ⁵. The World Association for Photobiomodulation Therapy (WALT) also supports PBMT for preventing oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiation for head and neck cancer, chemotherapy, or stem cell transplant ⁷. However, a 2022 review of children with cancer found that while PBMT may reduce mucositis severity and pain, more high-quality trials are needed due to variation in treatment protocols and risk of bias ⁶. Other interventions like zinc supplements and oral cryotherapy also show benefit, but PBMT is one of the most studied options ¹³⁴.

What to ask your doctor

• Is photobiomodulation therapy available at our cancer center or through a specialist?
• Would PBMT be appropriate for my specific cancer treatment (chemotherapy, radiation, or stem cell transplant)?
• How many sessions would I need, and what is the typical schedule for PBMT?
• Are there any side effects or risks I should know about with PBMT?
• Can PBMT be used alongside other preventive measures like oral cryotherapy or zinc supplements?