What does the surveillance report say about West Nile virus cases?
West Nile virus is the leading cause of domestically acquired arboviral disease in the continental United States 2. Most infections occur during the warmer months, specifically from April through September 2.
What the research says
A 2018 surveillance report confirms that West Nile virus accounts for the majority of arboviral cases found within the US borders 2. Data collected from 2009 to 2018 tracks these patterns to help public health officials understand how the virus spreads over time 3.
Recent studies also look at how the virus affects older adults. In 2024, Israel saw a major outbreak of the disease 1. Researchers tested a treatment called WNV-neutralizing plasma on hospitalized patients who were 60 or older 1. This treatment involves giving patients blood products that contain antibodies against the virus 1.
The trial found that giving this plasma did not reduce deaths or prevent functional decline in these older patients 1. About half of the patients in both the treatment and placebo groups experienced the primary outcome of death or functional deterioration within 30 days 1.
What to ask your doctor
- What are the specific risk factors for West Nile virus in my area?
- Are there any treatments available for West Nile virus if I become infected?
- How can I protect myself from mosquito bites during the high-risk months?
- What symptoms should I watch for if I think I have been exposed to the virus?
This question is drawn from common patient questions about Infectious Disease and answered using cited medical research. We do not provide individualized advice.