Current evidence is insufficient to determine whether menstrual cycle phases influence vertical jump performance in female football players
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Key Takeaway
Note insufficient evidence to link menstrual cycle phases with vertical jump performance in female football players.
This systematic review examined seven studies investigating the relationship between menstrual cycle phases and vertical jump performance in female football players. The primary outcome measured included countermovement jump and squat jump height. The analysis compared performance across different phases of the menstrual cycle.
The review found no statistically significant differences in vertical jump height between menstrual cycle phases. The authors did not report specific effect sizes or confidence intervals for these comparisons. Consequently, the data does not support claims of higher performance during specific phases like the follicular or ovulatory periods.
Several limitations were noted by the authors. These include substantial heterogeneity regarding menstrual cycle phase determination procedures, sample characteristics, and testing protocols. Methodological limitations in determining cycle phases and low statistical power further constrain the conclusions. Safety data and adverse events were not reported.
Practice relevance is currently limited. The evidence is insufficient to determine whether menstrual cycle phases influence vertical jump performance in this population. Findings should be interpreted cautiously given the existing gaps in study design and execution.
View Original Abstract ↓
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the available evidence on the influence of menstrual cycle (MC) phases on vertical jump performance (countermovement jump and squat jump height) in female football players.
The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (ID1035357).
A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus (EBSCO). Studies were included if they involved female football players, assessed vertical jump performance, and compared performance across MC phases. Methodological quality was assessed using a modified Downs & Black checklist for non-interventional studies.
Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Substantial heterogeneity was observed regarding MC phase determination procedures, sample characteristics, and testing protocols. Although some studies reported higher vertical jump height values during the follicular or ovulatory phases, no statistically significant differences were found.
Current evidence is insufficient to determine whether MC phases influence vertical jump performance in female football players. Findings should be interpreted cautiously due to methodological limitations in MC phase determination and low statistical power. Future research should aim to standardize protocols, use objective hormonal verification, and recruit larger samples.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251035357, PROSPERO: CRD420251035357.
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