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Syringe pump alarm misinterpretation can lead to local anesthetic overdose in patients with acute pancreatitisMisread Pump Alarm Causes Local Anesthetic Overdose

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Key Takeaway
Note that syringe pump alarm misinterpretation can cause local anesthetic overdose and acute hypotension in ICU patients.

This case report and literature review details a specific instance of medication error in an intensive care unit setting involving a 36-year-old male with severe acute pancreatitis. The patient received an unintended bolus of local anesthetic after a syringe pump occlusion alarm was misinterpreted, leading to a local anesthetic overdose.

The clinical consequences included acute hypotension, tachycardia, and bilateral lower limb numbness. Following intervention, the patient's hemodynamic status recovered within 10 minutes, and sensation in the lower limbs returned to normal within 30 minutes. No long-term sequelae were reported at the 5-day follow-up.

The authors note that this report highlights a critical safety risk associated with syringe pump management. The primary limitation is the small sample size of one patient, which limits the generalizability of the findings. However, it underscores the necessity for rigorous training on syringe pump characteristics and alarm protocols to prevent medication errors in high-acuity settings.

How this fits prior evidence

This case report addresses a gap in safety literature regarding medical device management during the treatment of acute pancreatitis. While previous coverage has identified specific pharmacological interventions like rectal indomethacin and somatostatin for post-ERCP pancreatitis, or sulbactam-durlobactam and tigecycline for polymicrobial infections, this report focuses on the prevention of iatrogenic injury from syringe pump misinterpretation.

Imagine you're in the ICU, fighting a severe bout of pancreatitis. Your care team gives you an epidural to ease the pain. But then, a simple mistake with a syringe pump leads to a dangerous overdose of local anesthetic. That's exactly what happened to a 36-year-old man, and his story is a wake-up call for hospitals everywhere.

The man had recurrent hyperlipidemic severe acute pancreatitis, a serious condition where the pancreas becomes inflamed. To manage his pain, doctors placed an epidural catheter and started a local anesthetic infusion. But when the syringe pump's occlusion alarm went off, someone misinterpreted it and gave a bolus dose through the pump. That mistake caused a local anesthetic overdose.

Within moments, the man's blood pressure dropped sharply, his heart raced, and he lost feeling in both legs. The care team acted fast. They gave him medications to stabilize his heart and blood pressure, and within 10 minutes, his heart function recovered. His sensation gradually returned to normal over the next 30 minutes. Five days later, he had no long-term problems.

This case is a powerful reminder that even small errors in how we use medical devices can have serious consequences. The authors stress the need for better training on how syringe pumps work and how to handle their alarms. While this is just one person's story, it highlights a real risk that could affect anyone in the ICU. If you or a loved one is in the hospital, it's okay to ask questions about the equipment being used. Awareness can save lives.

What this means for you:
Misreading a syringe pump alarm can cause a local anesthetic overdose, but quick action can prevent lasting harm.

Common questions

What happened in this case report?

A 36-year-old man in the ICU with severe pancreatitis received an epidural for pain. When the syringe pump's occlusion alarm went off, it was misinterpreted, and a bolus dose was given, causing a local anesthetic overdose. He experienced a sudden drop in blood pressure, rapid heart rate, and numbness in his legs. He recovered within minutes with treatment.

What are the symptoms of a local anesthetic overdose?

In this case, the man had acute hypotension (low blood pressure), tachycardia (fast heart rate), and bilateral lower limb numbness. These are signs that the anesthetic affected his heart and nerves. If you or someone you know has these symptoms during an epidural, tell a doctor immediately.

How was the overdose treated?

The care team gave medications to stabilize his heart and blood pressure. His heart function recovered within 10 minutes, and his sensation returned to normal within 30 minutes. He had no long-term problems after 5 days. This shows that quick treatment can reverse the effects.

Is this a common problem?

This is a case report, so it's just one instance. But it highlights a real risk: misinterpreting syringe pump alarms can lead to medication errors. The authors stress the need for better training on pump alarms to prevent such overdoses. Always ask your care team about any alarms you hear.

Study Details

Study typeSystematic review
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedAug 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
Epidural analgesia (EA) medication errors are rare but serious adverse events in anesthesia and pain management. Previous literature has predominantly reported errors involving drug types or routes of administration, whereas those caused by infusion devices are uncommon. This case highlights the potential hazard of dose overdose resulting from an abnormal “occlusion” alarm when using a syringe pump for EA bolus. A 36-year-old male with recurrent hyperlipidemic severe acute pancreatitis, third episode, was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). On admission, the pain score was 7/10 (visual analog scale, VAS). Thoracic epidural analgesia (T8-T9) was administered, with continuous infusion and intermittent boluses of a local anesthetic mixture for pain relief. Extensive sympathetic blockade due to EA local anesthetic overdose, manifested as acute hypotension, tachycardia, and bilateral lower limb numbness after EA bolus administration. Given that the patient's pain score was as high as 8/10 on day 4, a 5 ml EA bolus of the analgesic mixture was prescribed. The nurse used a syringe pump for the bolus. Due to high catheter resistance, the pump repeatedly triggered an “occlusion” alarm. The nurse misinterpreted this as no drug infusion and continued the procedure after repeatedly clearing the alarm, ultimately administering approximately 10 ml. Upon recognition, the EA route was immediately closed, and rapid intravenous infusion of 500 ml of compound sodium chloride solution was administered, along with intravenous norepinephrine at 0.2 μg/kg/min via a syringe pump. Hemodynamics recovered within 10 min, and sensation in both lower limbs gradually returned to normal within 30 min. The patient was transferred to another department 5 days after the event, with no long-term sequelae. Misinterpretation of a syringe pump's “occlusion” alarm during nurse-led epidural bolus administration can lead to local anesthetic overdose. This case underscores the need for improved training on device characteristics and alarm management.
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