Complete surgical excision may cure breast implant-associated ALCL without adjuvant therapyCase Report Links Textured Breast Implants to Rare Lymphoma

This publication is a case report and literature review, not a large-scale clinical trial. It documents the first reported case of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) in mainland China, occurring in a 47-year-old female with textured breast implants.

The patient underwent complete surgical excision of the lesion. Histopathological examination of the capsule tissue revealed CD30 positivity, ALK negativity, and clonal T-cell receptor gene rearrangement, which are characteristic pathological hallmarks of BIA-ALCL. After complete surgical excision, no adjuvant therapy was required.

The authors emphasize the importance of histopathological examination for accurate diagnosis of BIA-ALCL. The case underscores the known association between textured breast implants and this rare lymphoma. However, as a single case report, the findings are not generalizable, and the authors note this limitation.

In practice, clinicians should consider BIA-ALCL in patients with textured implants presenting with late-onset seroma or mass, and confirm diagnosis via histopathology. Treatment with complete surgical excision may be curative in early-stage disease, but larger studies are needed to guide management.