Myoepithelial carcinoma of gallbladder shows irregular wall thickening and progressive enhancementRadiological Features Help Identify Rare Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Gallbladder

This publication is a case report accompanied by a literature review, focusing on primary myoepithelial carcinoma (MC) of the gallbladder, an exceedingly rare malignancy. The case involves a 57-year-old male, and the authors describe the radiological features observed, which include irregular wall thickening and progressive, non-uniform intraluminal enhancement. These imaging characteristics are presented as potential clues to aid in preoperative diagnosis, though they are not pathognomonic.

The literature review component synthesizes previously reported cases of MC, emphasizing the rarity of this tumor and the diagnostic challenges it poses. The authors underscore the importance of considering MC in the differential diagnosis of gallbladder masses, especially when imaging shows atypical features. However, due to the scarcity of cases, the natural history and optimal management of MC remain poorly defined.

The authors acknowledge a significant limitation: the evidence is based on a single case report, which limits the generalizability of the findings. They note that larger case series or multi-institutional collaborations are needed to better characterize this disease. Additionally, the review does not provide data on treatment outcomes or prognosis, as these were not reported.

For clinicians, this report serves as a reminder to maintain a broad differential when evaluating gallbladder lesions, particularly those with unusual imaging findings. While the radiological features described may raise suspicion for MC, they are not definitive, and histopathological confirmation remains essential. The authors' goal is to enhance clinical recognition and refine diagnostic accuracy, but the evidence is too limited to change practice guidelines.