This systematic review and meta-analysis looked at 21 studies to examine the link between using leukotriene receptor antagonists, known as LTRAs, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The researchers analyzed data from both adult and pediatric populations to see if the risk was the same for everyone.
The analysis found a borderline non-significant association in the overall group. However, when the data was split by age, the results differed. In the adult population, there was a statistically significant positive association between LTRA use and neuropsychiatric risk. The risk ratio was 1.30 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.08 to 1.56.
In contrast, the pediatric population showed no significant increase in overall risk. The risk ratio was 1.12 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.90 to 1.39. Because the study only shows an association, it cannot prove that the medication caused these events. The authors note that clinical management should include age-specific risk assessment. This review helps doctors understand potential differences in safety between adults and children taking these drugs.