Phase 3
Completed N=1,105
Apnea Positive Pressure Long-Term Efficacy Study
Lung diseases · Sleep Apnea Syndromes · Sleep
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00051363 ↗
Enrolled (actual)
1,105
Serious AEs
5.7%
Results posted
Nov 2016
Primary outcomePrimary: Effect of CPAP on Neurocognitive Function: E/F Function- SWMT-OMD — 0.035; -0.074; 0.072; 0.018 score on a scale — p=0.0074
◆ Published Evidence
Highly cited
429citations · ~31 / year
Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on neurocognitive function in obstructive sleep apnea patients: The Apnea Positive Pressure Long-term Efficacy Study (APPLES).
Summary
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).
Linked Publications (5)
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Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on neurocognitive function in obstructive sleep apnea patients: The Apnea Positive Pressure Long-term Efficacy Study (APPLES).
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The association between obstructive sleep apnea and neurocognitive performance--the Apnea Positive Pressure Long-term Efficacy Study (APPLES).
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Impact of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on weight in obstructive sleep apnea.
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Associations of dietary intake and physical activity with sleep disordered breathing in the Apnea Positive Pressure Long-Term Efficacy Study (APPLES).
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Impact of CPAP on activity patterns and diet in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Outcome Measures
| Outcome | Result | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| PRIMARY Effect of CPAP on Neurocognitive Function: E/F Function- SWMT-OMD |
0.035; -0.074; 0.072; 0.018 | 0.0074 sig |
| PRIMARY Effect of CPAP on Neurocognitive Function: A/P Function- PFN-TOTL |
23.32; 23.08; 23.56; 22.92; 23.48; 23.01 | 0.4538 |
| PRIMARY Effect of CPAP on Neurocognitive Function: L/M Function- BSRT-SR |
49.72; 49.86; 52.32; 51.95; 54.09; 54.28 | 0.7936 |
| SECONDARY Attention and Psychomotor (A/P) Function: Pathfinder Number- Reaction Time (PN-RT) |
0.811; 0.801; 0.831; 0.825; 0.818; 0.812 | 0.5606 |
| SECONDARY Attention and Psychomotor (A/P) Function: Psychomotor Vigilance Task- Median Reaction Time (PVT-MedRT) |
245.31; 253.89; 248.68; 248.94; 243.25; 247.55 | 0.3699 |
| SECONDARY Attention and Psychomotor (A/P) Function: PVT- Mean Slowest 10% of Reaction Times (PVT-Slo10%RT) |
403.00; 402.32; 412.44; 407.84; 400.57; 406.11 | 0.9656 |
| SECONDARY Learning and Memory (L/M) Function: Buschke Selective Reminding Test Delayed Recall- Total Recall (BSRTDR-TotRec) |
8.54; 8.20; 8.49; 8.22; 8.48; 8.21 | 0.4262 |
| SECONDARY Executive and Frontal-Lobe (E/F) Function: Sustained Working Memory Test- Mid-day Behavioral Index (SWMT-BehMD) |
0.180; 0.104; 0.137; 0.126; 0.205; -0.011 | 0.5419 |
| SECONDARY Executive and Frontal-Lobe (E/F) Function: SWMT- Mid-day Activation Index (SWMT-ActMD) |
-0.050; 0.317; 0.262; 0.170; -0.003; 0.033 | 0.0450 sig |
| SECONDARY Executive and Frontal-Lobe (E/F) Function: Shifting Attention Test Discovery Condition- Number of Rule Changes (SAT-D-NumRuCh) |
0.931; 0.929; 0.936; 0.951; 0.952; 0.942 | 0.9518 |
| SECONDARY Objective Sleepiness/Alertness: Maintenance of Wakefulness Test- Mean Sleep Latency (MWT-MSL) |
17.13; 16.95; 17.51; 17.62; 17.74; 17.76 | 0.6540 |
| SECONDARY Subjective Sleepiness/Alertness: Epworth Sleepiness Scale- Total Score (ESS-TS) |
10.07; 10.09; 10.10; 9.73; 9.57; 9.75 | 0.9291 |
| SECONDARY Mood |
— | — |
| SECONDARY Quality of Life: Calgary Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index- Total Score (SAQLI-TS) |
4.7; 4.7 | — |
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- Male or female adults age 18 years or older with a diagnosis of OSAS using clinical criteria defined by the study protocol
- Study participation may require seven or more laboratory visits over six months
Exclusion Criteria
- Prior treatment for OSAS with continuous positive airway pressure or surgery
- Potential sleep apnea complications that may affect the health or safety of the participant, including low blood oxygen, recent near-miss or prior automobile accident due to sleepiness, congestive heart failure, history of angina, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction or stroke, cardiac rhythm disturbance, and chronic neurological disorders affecting neurocognitive abilities or daily function
- The use of hypnotics, anxiolytics, sedating antidepressants, anticonvulsants, sedating antihistamines, stimulants or other medications likely to affect neurocognitive function and/or alertness
- Respiratory disease requiring medications (unless on stable medications for 2 months)
- Cancer, unless in remission for greater than one year and not taking exclusionary medications
- Self-reported renal failure
- Pregnancy anytime during a subject's participation
- Psychiatric illness, as defined by a DSM-IV diagnosis, except for depression or mild anxiety
- Narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnolence, DSM-IV chronic insomnia, restless legs syndrome, or rapid eye movement (REM) behavior disorder
- Current use of diurnal or nocturnal supplemental oxygen
- Significant vision, hearing, or coordination problems
- Difficulty understanding or speaking English
- Currently working night or rotating shifts
- Consumption of more than 10 caffeinated beverages per day (approximately 1,000 mg per day)
- Smokers whose habit interferes with the overnight polysomnogram or with the battery of testing during the day
- Consumption of more than 2 alcoholic beverages per day
- Any illicit drug usage or marijuana usage more than once a week
- Any individual in the household currently on CPAP or on CPAP in the past
- A score of 26 or less on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00051363) and the linked publication. Outcome figures and adverse-event rates are extracted automatically from the registry's posted results and are provided for clinician reference, not as a substitute for the primary publication. Informational only — not medical advice.