Phase 1
N=57
Avelumab in Metastatic or Locally Advanced Solid Tumors (JAVELIN Solid Tumor JPN)
Solid Tumors
Bottom Line
View on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01943461 ↗Enrolled (actual)
57
Serious AEs
24.6%
Results posted
Sep 2020
Primary outcome: Primary: Dose-escalation Cohorts: Number of Participants With Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs) — 0; 0; 0 Participants
Study Design & Population
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Interventions
- Avelumab 3 mg/kg (Drug); Avelumab 10 mg/kg (Drug); Avelumab 20 mg/kg (Drug)
- Age
- Adult, Older Adult · 20+ yrs
- Sex
- All
- Sponsor
- Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
- Primary completion
- Jan 2015
Outcome Measures
| Outcome | Result | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| PRIMARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Number of Participants With Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs) |
0; 0; 0 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Area Under the Serum Concentration-Time Curve From the Time of Dosing to the Time of the Last Observation (AUC0-t) of Avelumab |
5120; 20100; 46800 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Area Under the Serum Concentration-Time Curve From Time Zero Extrapolated to Infinity (AUC0-inf) of Avelumab |
6040; 24000; 53700 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Maximum Observed Serum Concentration (Cmax) of Avelumab |
64; 179; 459 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Time to Reach Maximum Observed Serum Concentration (Tmax) of Avelumab |
1.683; 1.533; 1.683 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Terminal Half-Life (t1/2) of Avelumab |
94; 122; 112 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Terminal Elimination Rate Constant (Lambda z) of Avelumab |
0.00667; 0.0103; 0.00568; 0.0114; 0.00456; 0.00750 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Receptor Occupancy |
NA; NA; NA | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Absolute Value of Cytokine Levels |
9.094; 5.928; 7.723; 17.716; 10.868; 18.810 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Log Fold Change From Baseline in Cytokine Levels |
0.903; 1.038; 1.096; 0.280; 0.722; 0.600 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Positive Human Anti-Human Antibody (HAHA) |
0; 0; 0; 1; 0; 0 | — |
| SECONDARY Dose-escalation Cohorts: Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs), Serious TEAEs, TEAEs Leading to Death, and TEAEs Leading to Discontinuation |
5; 6; 5; 1; 0; 2 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Area Under the Serum Concentration-Time Curve From the Time of Dosing to the End of Dose Interval (AUC0-336hour [hr]) of Avelumab |
14.525 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Serum Trough Concentration Levels (Ctrough) of Avelumab |
14.525; 17.366; 19.686; 25.125; 22.544; 20.857 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Number of Participants With Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Tumor Expression |
11 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Absolute Values of Cytokine Levels |
28.125; 23.063; 19.215; 1.139; 1.492; 1.632 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Log Fold Change From Baseline in Cytokine Levels |
0.697; 0.484; 0.080; 0.192; 0.476; 0.880 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Number of Participants With Best Overall Response (BOR) According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 |
1; 3; 17; 17; 2 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Number of Participants With Immune-related Best Overall Response (irBOR) According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 |
1; 3; 21; 9; 6 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Progression-Free Survival (PFS) Time According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 |
10.64 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Immune-related Progression-Free Survival (irPFS) Time According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 |
12.00 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Overall Survival (OS) Time |
8.87 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs), Serious TEAEs, TEAEs Leading to Death, and TEAEs Leading to Discontinuation |
40; 11; 7; 3 | — |
| SECONDARY Expansion Cohort: Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Positive Human Anti-Human Antibody (HAHA) |
2; 5 | — |
Summary
This was a Phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation trial of avelumab (antibody targeting programmed death ligand 1 [anti PD-L1]) in Japanese participants with metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors, followed by a consecutive expansion part in Asian participants with gastric cancer.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- Signed written informed consent
- Male or female participants aged greater than or equal to (>=) 20 years
- For dose escalation part: Histologically or cytologically proven metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors, for which no standard therapy exists or standard therapy has failed
- For expansion part:
- Availability of fresh and archive tumor in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue
- With histologically or cytologically confirmed recurrent or refractory unresectable Stage IV gastric or gastro-esophageal junctional adenocarcinoma (according to American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union Internationale Contre le Cancer [UICC] 7th edition) and whose disease progressed after one or two prior chemotherapy regimen(s) involving both fluoropyrimidines and platinum
- Presence of at least 1 measurable lesion according to RECIST version 1.1
- Participants should not have severe peritoneal metastases. The following criteria were applied:
- No clinical ileus or subileus
- No moderate-to-severe ascites (participants with ascites restricted to the perihepatic space or pelvic cavity)
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 1 at the trial entry and an estimated life expectancy of at least 3 months
- Adequate hematological, hepatic and renal function as defined in the protocol
- All participants must agree to use effective means of contraception with their partner from entry into the trial through 6 months after the last dose of avelumab
Exclusion Criteria
- Concurrent treatment with a non-permitted drug
- Prior therapy with any antibody/drug targeting T cell co-regulatory proteins (immune checkpoints)
- Concurrent anticancer treatment or concurrent systemic therapy with steroids or other immunosuppressive agents, or use of any investigational drug within 30 days before the start of trial treatment. Short-term administration of steroids (that is, for allergic reactions or the management of immune-related adverse events [irAE]) is allowed
- Previous malignant disease within the last 5 years with the exception of adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer, in situ cancer, or other cancer
- Non-oncology vaccine therapies for prevention of infection disease (e.g. seasonal flu vaccine, human papilloma virus vaccine) within 4 weeks of study drug administration. Vaccination while on study is also prohibited except for administration of the inactivated influenza vaccine.
- Pregnancy or lactation period
- Known alcohol or drug abuse
- Clinically significant (that is, active) cardiovascular disease
- All other significant diseases (for example, inflammatory bowel disease), which, in the opinion of the investigator, might impair the participant's tolerance of trial treatment
- Any psychiatric condition that would prohibit the understanding or rendering of informed consent
- Legal incapacity or limited legal capacity
- Other protocol defined exclusion criteria could apply
Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01943461). Outcome figures and adverse-event rates are extracted automatically from the registry's posted results and are provided for clinician reference, not as a substitute for the primary publication.