Phase 1
Completed N=80
Study to Evaluate Pharmacokinetics of Prototype Modified-Release Formulations Of Apremilast in Healthy Men
Healthy Volunteers
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02236988 ↗
Enrolled (actual)
80
Serious AEs
0.0%
Results posted
Jun 2021
Primary outcomePrimary: Group 1: Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Apremilast — 409.96; 267.85; 329.78; 345.11 ng/mL
Summary
This study will assess up to 12 different oral formulations of apremilast to determine how much apremilast is absorbed by the body compared to a reference formulation.
Outcome Measures
| Outcome | Result | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| PRIMARY Group 1: Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Apremilast |
409.96; 267.85; 329.78; 345.11 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 1: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Measured Time Point (AUC0-t) of Apremilast |
6918.49; 4277.83; 4925.69; 5103.07 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 1: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero Extrapolated to Infinity (AUC0-∞) of Apremilast |
6955.76; 4330.66; 4961.51; 5147.83 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 1: Time to Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Apremilast |
3.00; 4.00; 4.00; 4.00 | 0.0090 sig |
| PRIMARY Group 1: Half-life of Apremilast in Terminal Phase (T1/2) |
7.12; 7.43; 6.88; 7.29 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 1: Apparent Total Plasma Clearance (CL/F) of Apremilast |
8.63; 17.32; 15.12; 14.57 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 1: Apparent Total Volume of Distribution (Vz/F) of Apremilast |
88.65; 185.65; 149.97; 153.23 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 1: Relative Bioavailability of Apremilast Test Formulations Relative to Reference Corrected by Dose |
39.85; 45.65; 47.37 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 1: Relative Bioavailability of Apremilast Test Formulations Relative to Reference |
62.26; 71.33; 74.01 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 2: Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Apremilast |
405.38; 368.45; 298.96; 325.20 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 2: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Measured Time Point (AUC0-t) of Apremilast |
6635.78; 5634.92; 4780.60; 5177.46 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 2: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero Extrapolated to Infinity (AUC0-∞) of Apremilast |
6669.26; 5700.66; 4843.46; 5259.40 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 2: Time to Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Apremilast |
2.00; 4.00; 3.00; 4.00 | 0.0002 sig |
| PRIMARY Group 2: Half-life of Apremilast in Terminal Phase (T1/2) |
8.16; 8.98; 8.43; 8.75 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 2: Apparent Total Plasma Clearance (CL/F) of Apremilast |
9.00; 13.16; 15.48; 14.26 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 2: Apparent Total Volume of Distribution (Vz/F) of Apremilast |
101.23; 169.71; 186.69 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 2: Relative Bioavailability of Apremilast Test Formulations Relative to Reference Corrected by Dose |
54.71; 46.48; 50.47 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 2: Relative Bioavailability of Apremilast Test Formulations Relative to Reference |
85.48; 72.62; 78.86 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 3: Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Apremilast |
378.59; 344.61; 334.51 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 3: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Measured Time Point (AUC0-t) of Apremilast |
5493.38; 4427.56; 4310.62 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 3: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero Extrapolated to Infinity (AUC0-∞) of Apremilast |
5518.28; 4477.63; 4359.49 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 3: Time to Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Apremilast |
3.00; 4.00; 4.00 | 0.0374 sig |
| PRIMARY Group 3: Half-life of Apremilast in Terminal Phase (T1/2) |
6.45; 6.58; 7.05 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 3: Apparent Total Plasma Clearance (CL/F) of Apremilast |
10.87; 17.87; 18.35 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 3: Relative Bioavailability of Apremilast Test Formulations Relative to Reference Corrected by Dose |
45.64; 44.44 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 3: Relative Bioavailability of Apremilast Test Formulations Relative to Reference |
81.14; 79.00 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 4: Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Apremilast |
438.90; 480.59; 481.10; 316.43; 450.23 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 4: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Measured Time Point (AUC0-t) of Apremilast |
6976.02; 5701.21; 5811.24; 4700.70; 5324.80 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 4: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero Extrapolated to Infinity (AUC0-∞) of Apremilast |
7000.35; 5747.12; 5875.19; 4753.79; 5374.83 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 4: Time to Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Apremilast |
3.00; 4.00; 4.00; 4.01; 3.52 | 0.0523 |
| PRIMARY Group 4: Half-life of Apremilast in Terminal Phase (T1/2) |
6.25; 7.40; 7.51; 7.09; 7.13 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 4: Apparent Total Plasma Clearance (CL/F) of Apremilast |
8.57; 13.92; 13.62; 16.83; 14.88 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 4: Apparent Total Volume of Distribution (Vz/F) of Apremilast |
77.30; 148.66; 147.59; 172.16; 153.18 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 4: Relative Bioavailability of Apremilast Test Formulations Relative to Reference Corrected by Dose |
46.18; 46.86; 38.65; 43.70 | — |
| PRIMARY Group 4: Relative Bioavailability of Apremilast Test Formulations Relative to Reference |
82.10; 83.31; 68.71; 77.68 | — |
| SECONDARY Group 1: Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events |
5; 4; 2; 1; 4; 1 | — |
| SECONDARY Group 2: Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events |
4; 4; 6; 5; 4; 2 | — |
| SECONDARY Group 3: Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events |
5; 3; 3; 1; 0; 2 | — |
| SECONDARY Group 4: Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events |
13; 7; 7; 7; 9; 9 | — |
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
Subjects must satisfy ALL of the following criteria to be eligible for enrollment into the study:
- Must understand and voluntarily sign a written informed consent form prior to any study-related procedures being performed.
- Must be able to communicate with the investigator, understand and comply with the requirements of the study, and agree to adhere to restrictions and examination schedules.
- Male subjects of any race between 18 to 55 years of age (inclusive), and in good health as determined by the Investigator.
- Has a body mass index between 18 and 33 kg/m^2 (inclusive).
- No clinically significant laboratory tests as determined by the investigator.
- Must not have a fever, with systolic blood pressure: 90 to 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure: 60 to 90 mmHg, and pulse rate: 40 to 110 bpm (measurements taken while lying down).
- Must have a normal or clinically acceptable 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG).
- Subjects (including those who have had a vasectomy) who engage in activity in which conception is possible must use barrier contraception (male latex condom or non-latex condom not made out of natural [animal] membrane [eg, polyurethane]) while on study medication, and for 28 days after the last dose of study medication.
- Must agree to refrain from donating sperm, blood or plasma (other than for this study) while participating in this study and for at least 28 days after the last dose of study drug.
Exclusion Criteria
The presence of ANY of the following will exclude any healthy subject from enrollment into the study:
- History of any clinically significant and relevant neurological, gastrointestinal, renal, hepatic, cardiovascular, psychological, pulmonary, metabolic, endocrine, hematological, allergic disease, drug allergies, or other major disorders.
- Any condition which places the subject at unacceptable risk if he were to participate in the study, or confounds the ability to interpret data from the study.
- Use of any prescribed systemic or topical medication within 30 days of the first dose administration, unless Sponsor agreement is obtained.
- Use of any non-prescribed systemic or topical medication (including vitamin/mineral supplements, and herbal medicines) within 14 days of the first dose administration, unless Sponsor agreement is obtained.
- Any surgical or medical condition possibly affecting drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, eg, bariatric procedure, colon resection, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, etc. Subjects with cholecytectomy and appendectomy may be included.
- Exposure to an investigational drug (new chemical entity) within 30 days prior to the first dose administration or 5 half-lives of that investigational drug, if known (whichever is longer).
- Donated blood or plasma within 8 weeks before the first dose administration to a blood bank or blood donation center.
- History of drug abuse (as defined by the current version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) within 2 years before dosing, or a positive drug screen reflecting consumption of illicit drugs.
- History of alcohol abuse (as defined by the current version of the DSM) within 2 years before dosing, or a positive alcohol screen.
- Known to have serum hepatitis, or known to be a carrier of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), or hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody, or have a positive result to the test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies at Screening.
Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02236988). Outcome figures and adverse-event rates are extracted automatically from the registry's posted results and are provided for clinician reference, not as a substitute for the primary publication. Informational only — not medical advice.