SMART China, A Multi-center Clinical Registry Study

Inclusion Criteria

• Age 18 years or older
• Failure of at least one antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) for AF (class I or III, or AV nodal blocking agents such as beta blockers and calcium channel blockers) as evidenced by recurrent symptomatic AF, or intolerance to the AAD
• Patients with paroxysmal AF eligible for catheter ablation
• Patients with symptomatic PAF who have had at least one documented AF episode in the twelve (12) months prior to enrollment. Documentation may include but is not limited to electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitor (HM) or transtelephonic monitor (TTM)
• Able and willing to comply with all pre-, post- and follow-up testing and requirements
• Be able to sign IRB/EC-approved informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria

• AF secondary to electrolyte imbalance, thyroid disease, or reversible or non-cardiac cause
• Previous surgical or catheter ablation for AF
• Any PCI, cardiac surgery, or valvular cardiac surgical or percutaneous procedure (e.g., ventriculotomy, atriotomy, and valve repart or replacement and presence of a prosthetic valve) within the past 2 months.
• Any carotid stenting or endarterectomy.
• Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedure within the last 180 days (6 months)
• AF episodes lasting longer than 7 days or terminated via cardioversion
• Documented left atrial thrombus on imaging
• Uncontrolled heart Failure or New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV
• Myocardial Infarction within the previous 60 days (2 months)
• Documented thromboembolic event (including TIA) within the past 12 months
• Rheumatic heart disease
• Awaiting cardiac transplantation or other cardiac surgery within the next 365 days (12 months)
• Significant pulmonary disease, (e.g., restrictive pulmonary disease, constrictive or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or any other disease or malfunction of the lungs or respiratory system that produces chronic symptoms.
• Significant congenital anomaly or medical problem that in the opinion of the investigator would preclude enrollment in this study
• Active illness or active systemic infection or sepsis
• Diagnosed atrial myxoma
• Unstable angina within the past 60 days (2 months)
• History of blood clotting or bleeding abnormalities
• Life expectancy less than 365 days (12 months)
• Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
• Presence of implanted ICD
• Contraindication to anticoagulation
• Contraindication to isoproterenol
• Presence of intramural thrombus, tumor or other abnormality that precludes catheter introduction or manipulation
• Women who are pregnant and/or breast feeding
• Presence of a condition that precludes vascular access.
• Patients presenting contraindications for study catheter(s), as indicated in the respective Instructions For Use
• Enrollment in an investigational study evaluating another device, biologic, or drug.