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Phase 3 N=4,636 Randomized Triple-blind Prevention

A Study to Determine the Safety and Efficacy of the RSV F Vaccine to Protect Infants Via Maternal Immunization

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections

Enrolled (actual)
4,636
Serious AEs
64.9%
Results posted
May 2025
Primary outcome: Primary: Infants: Percentages of Participants With Medically Significant RSV LRTI With Either Hypoxemia (SpO2 <95% at Sea Level or <92% at Altitudes >1800 Meters) or Tachypnea — 41; 35; 52; 41 Participants

Study Design & Population

Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 3
Interventions
RSV F vaccine with adjuvant (Biological); Formulation buffer (Biological)
Age
Adult · 18+ yrs
Sex
Female
Sponsor
Novavax
Primary completion
Dec 2018

Outcome Measures

OutcomeResultp-value
PRIMARY
Infants: Percentages of Participants With Medically Significant RSV LRTI With Either Hypoxemia (SpO2 <95% at Sea Level or <92% at Altitudes >1800 Meters) or Tachypnea
41; 35; 52; 41; 57; 43
SECONDARY
Infants: Number of Participants With RSV LRTI With Severe Hypoxemia (Sp02 <92% at Sea Level or <87% at Altitudes >1800 Meters) or Documented Use of Oxygen by High Flow Nasal Cannula or Other Advanced Respiratory Support Through 90 Days of Life
14; 14; 16; 16; 17; 17
SECONDARY
Infants: Percentages of Participants With RSV LRTI With Hospitalization From Delivery
57; 53; 64; 56; 67; 57
SECONDARY
Infant: Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) During the Neonatal Period and Through the First Year of Life
2468; 1295; 1337; 724; 275; 151
SECONDARY
Infants: Number of Participants With Potential Developmental Delay
2835; 1460; 2773; 1424; 2588; 1298
SECONDARY
Maternal: Number of Participants With Solicited Injection Site and Systemic Reactogenicity
1240; 157; 1255; 611
SECONDARY
Maternal: Number of Participants With Unsolicited Adverse Events, Medically-attended Adverse Events (MAEs), Significant New Medical Conditions (SNMCs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
2004; 1022; 1534; 802; 65; 38
SECONDARY
Maternal: Number of Participants With Caesarean, Vaginal, or Instrument Assisted Vaginal Modes of Delivery
22; 16; 2110; 1076; 91; 56
SECONDARY
Maternal: Immunogenicity of RSV F Vaccine and Placebo Expressed as GMFR
18.59; 0.99; 14.37; 0.92; 12.38; 0.94
SECONDARY
Maternal: Percentage of Participants With a Seroresponse to RSV F Vaccine and Placebo
98.3; 5.0; 97.5; 5.0; 99.4; 5.0
SECONDARY
Maternal: Percentage of Participants Who Seroconverted (2 Fold Increase) as Determined by Immunogenicity of RSV F Vaccine and Placebo
98.3; 1.1; 98.1; 2.2; 98.0; 0.5
SECONDARY
Maternal: Percentage of Participants Who Seroconverted (4 Fold Increase) as Determined by Immunogenicity of RSV F Vaccine and Placebo
91.8; 0.4; 89.7; 0.9; 88.1; 0.2
SECONDARY
Immunogenicity of RSV F Vaccine and Placebo Expressed as GMT
9501; 752; 6465; 543; 3883; 324
SECONDARY
Infants: Percentage of Participants With a Seroresponse to RSV F Vaccine and Placebo
95.9; 5.0; 95.9; 4.9; 94.1; 4.8
SECONDARY
Infant: Immunogenicity of RSV F Vaccine and Placebo Expressed as GMR
0.67; 0.69; 0.42; 0.44; 0.24; 0.35
SECONDARY
Infants: Mean Length of Participants at Birth
50.04; 50.16
SECONDARY
Infants: Mean Weight of Participants at Birth
3.21; 3.20
SECONDARY
Infants: Mean Frontal-occipital Head Circumference of Participants at Birth
34.2; 34.2
SECONDARY
Infants: Mean APGAR (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration) Score of Participants at Birth
8.4; 8.4; 9.4; 9.4
SECONDARY
Maternal: Number of Participants With Post-immunization Onset of Specific Complications of Third-trimester Pregnancy and Delivery
2528; 1295; 488; 268; 13; 8
SECONDARY
Infants: Number of Participants With Developmental Delay
2707; 1395; 2670; 1387; 2535; 1318
SECONDARY
Maternal: Immunogenicity of Anti-RSV F IgG and Placebo Expressed as GMEU (Geometric Mean ELISA Units/mL)
568; 569; 10568; 563; 8164; 525
SECONDARY
Maternal: Immunogenicity of RSV F Vaccine and Placebo Expressed as GMC (Geometric Mean Concentration)
13; 13; 162; 13; 130; 12
SECONDARY
Maternal: Immunogenicity of RSV F Vaccine and Placebo Expressed as GMT (Geometric Mean Titers)
714; 741; 1622; 654; 1569; 663
SECONDARY
Maternal: Immunogenicity of RSV F Vaccine and Placebo Expressed as GMTs
563; 605; 2419; 845; 1213; 534

Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of maternal immunization during the third trimester of pregnancy with the RSV F vaccine against medically-significant RSV lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), as defined by hypoxemia or tachypnea at rest, through the first 90, 120, 150, and 180 days of life in infants.

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

  • ≥18 and ≤40 years-of-age
  • Singleton pregnancy of 28 to 36 0/7 weeks gestation on the day of planned vaccination
  • Documentation of gestational age will be based on one of the following composite criteria. (Note: The Investigator was to use the earliest ultrasound data available to establish the study-specific gestational age dating):
  • Gestational Age Dating Based on First Trimester Data (data obtained ≤13 6/7 weeks): The date of the first day of the reported last menstrual period (LMP) may be used to establish the gestational age if corroborated by a first trimester ultrasound. If the gestational age estimation derived using the LMP and the first trimester ultrasound are discrepant >7 days, the ultrasound will be used to establish gestational age. If LMP is uncertain or unknown, the ultrasound-established gestational age estimation will be used to establish the gestational age of the pregnancy.
  • Gestational Age Dating Based on Early Second Trimester Data (data obtained 14 0/7 to 21 6/7 weeks): The day of the first reported LMP may be used to establish the gestational age if corroborated by an early second trimester ultrasound (that estimates the gestational age between 14 0/7 and 21 6/7 weeks). If the gestational age estimation derived using the LMP and the early second trimester ultrasound are discrepant >10 days, the ultrasound will be used to establish the gestational age. If LMP is uncertain or unknown, the ultrasound-established gestational age estimation will be used to establish the gestational age of the pregnancy.
  • Gestation Age Dating Based on Later Second Trimester Data (data obtained 22 0/7 and 27 6/7 weeks by LMP): The date of the first day of the reported LMP may be used to establish the gestation age if corroborated by a later second trimester ultrasound (that estimates the gestational age between 22 0/7 and 27 6/7 weeks). If the gestational age estimation derived using the LMP and the later second trimester ultrasound are discrepant >14 days, the ultrasound will be used to establish the gestational age. If LMP is uncertain or unknown, the ultrasound-established gestational age estimation will be used to establish the gestational age of the pregnancy.
  • Gestational Age Dating When the LMP is Uncertain or Unknown AND No Prior First or Second Trimester Ultrasound Has Been Performed: An ultrasound performed at screening within the second trimester (≤27 6/7 weeks) will be used to establish the gestational age of the pregnancy.
  • Documentation of a second or third (between 18 0/7 weeks and prior to randomization) trimester ultrasound with no major fetal anomalies identified.
  • Good general maternal health as demonstrated by:
  • Medical history (including history of adverse reactions to prior vaccines and allergies).
  • Physical examination including at least vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, respirations, and oral temperature); weight; height; examination of the HEENT, cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal (abdominal), musculoskeletal, lymphatic, and dermatologic organ systems; and documentation of fetal heart tones. Note that abnormal vital signs may be repeated at the investigator's discretion since these measures may be labile. Vital signs should be assessed in the context of normal values for the third trimester of pregnancy (see the Study Operations Manual).
  • Clinical laboratory parameters that include:
  • For the first year of study conduct in any country, normal/clinically insignificant blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hemoglobin, white blood count, and platelet count. Note that normal ranges for clinical laboratory parameters will be based on reference ranges appropriate for the subject population under study (i.e., third trimester of pregnancy) and as defined in the toxicity grading scale (TGS) (see the Study Operations Manual).
  • For all subjects,
View full record on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02624947). Outcome figures and adverse-event rates are extracted automatically from the registry's posted results and are provided for clinician reference, not as a substitute for the primary publication.

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