Phase 2
Completed N=74
Transforaminal Versus Lateralized Interlaminar Cervical Epidurals
Cervicogenic Upper Extremity Radiculopathy
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03389620 ↗
Enrolled (actual)
74
Serious AEs
0.0%
Results posted
Dec 2025
Primary outcomePrimary: Change in Pain Numerical Rating Scale (Averaged Over Past 24 Hours) — -3.38; -2.30 score on a scale — p=0.057
Summary
The purpose of this study is to compare two methods of giving epidural steroid injections for nerve pain in the arm that comes from the neck. An epidural steroid injection can be given in two different ways, either in the back of the spine within the neck or in the neck next to the nerve root going to the arm. Both are standard medical treatments. The investigators would like to see how effective these treatments are, and if there are any differences in effectiveness or safety between these two routes.
Outcome Measures
| Outcome | Result | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| PRIMARY Change in Pain Numerical Rating Scale (Averaged Over Past 24 Hours) |
-2.51; -3.03; -3.44; -3.31 | 0.376 |
| SECONDARY Change in Pain Numerical Rating Scale (Averaged Over Past 24 Hours) |
-2.51; -3.03; -3.44; -3.31 | 0.376 |
| SECONDARY Change in Neck Disability Index (NDI) |
-10.97; -9.30; -10.24; -8.00; -14.25; -14.00 | 0.613 |
| SECONDARY Change in EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) Visual Analog Scale (VAS) |
5.49; -0.38; 3.79; -1.03; 1.48; 2.69 | 0.287 |
| SECONDARY Change in EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) Index Score |
0.085; 0.137; 0.088; 0.131; 0.145; 0.172 | 0.311 |
| SECONDARY Change in Work Ability Index (WAI) Absenteeism |
-11.76; -8.81; -13.66; -11.40; -9.09; -12.37 | 0.794 |
| SECONDARY Change in Work Ability Index (WAI) Presenteeism |
-8.95; -19.55; -8.95; -19.09; -26.50; -18.82 | 0.177 |
| SECONDARY Change in Work Ability Index (WAI) Work Productivity Loss |
-18.97; -20.79; -8.95; -19.09; -21.16; -26.37 | 0.811 |
| SECONDARY Change in Work Ability Index (WAI) Activity Impairment |
-13.51; -12.70; -9.12; -14.32; -18.18; -21.11 | 0.903 |
| SECONDARY Number of Participants With Minor Adverse Events |
3; 6; 4; 5 | 0.461 |
| SECONDARY Number of Participants With Major Adverse Events |
0; 0; 0; 0 | — |
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- Unilateral cervicogenic upper extremity radiculopathy (with or without accompanying neck pain)
- Baseline numerical pain scale (NRS) score > 4
Exclusion Criteria
- Recent (i.e., < 2 months) cervical spine surgery
- Recent (i.e., < 1 month) cervical epidural or upper extremity corticosteroid injection
- Contraindication or inability to the undergo procedure
- Inability to provide informed consent
- Expected inability to complete follow-up assessment
- Contraindication to receiving contrast material (precluding an epidurogram)
Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03389620). Outcome figures and adverse-event rates are extracted automatically from the registry's posted results and are provided for clinician reference, not as a substitute for the primary publication. Informational only — not medical advice.