N/A N=5 Basic Science

Effects of Smoking State on Decision Making

Behavior

Bottom Line

View on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04826276 ↗

Enrolled (actual)

Serious AEs

0.0%

Results posted

May 2026

Primary outcome: Primary: Effort Based Decision Making — 29.5; 18.3 high effort selections

Study Design & Population

Study type: Interventional
Phase: N/A
Interventions: smoking abstinence (Other); smoking satiety (Other)
Age: Adult · 18+ yrs
Sex: All
Sponsor: Wake Forest University Health Sciences
Primary completion: Mar 2023

Outcome Measures

Outcome	Result	p-value
PRIMARY Effort Based Decision Making	29.5; 18.3	—
PRIMARY Distress Tolerance Behavior	615883; 24448	—

Summary

Adult smokers will be tested using behavioral and neuroimaging measures after smoking as usual and after overnight abstinence.

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Aged 18-55 years
Smokes cigarettes or e-cigarettes
Negative urine drug screen

Exclusion Criteria

Unstable or serious medical or mental health condition
History of serious head trauma
Pregnancy
Unsuitable for MRI
Weight > 350 pounds (maximum allowed for MRI)

View full record on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04826276). Outcome figures and adverse-event rates are extracted automatically from the registry's posted results and are provided for clinician reference, not as a substitute for the primary publication.