Phase 2
N=40
Visual Acoustic Biofeedback for RSE Via Telepractice
Speech Sound Disorder
Bottom Line
View on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04858022 ↗Enrolled (actual)
40
Serious AEs
0.0%
Results posted
Feb 2026
Primary outcome: Primary: Rhotic Accuracy (/r/) — 30.55; 28.60; 9.54; -.78 mean difference in percent correct
Study Design & Population
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Interventions
- Visual-Acoustic Biofeedback Treatment (Behavioral); No Treatment (Other)
- Age
- Pediatric · 9+ yrs
- Sex
- All
- Sponsor
- Montclair State University
- Primary completion
- Apr 2024
Outcome Measures
| Outcome | Result | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| PRIMARY Rhotic Accuracy (/r/) |
30.55; 28.60; 9.54; -.78 | — |
| SECONDARY Change in Social-emotional Well-being |
2.83; 3.08 | — |
Summary
This research will meet a public health need by evaluating the efficacy of speech intervention supplemented with real-time visual-acoustic biofeedback when delivered using remote technologies.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- Must be between 9;0 and 15;11 years of age at the time of enrollment.
- Must speak English as the dominant language (i.e., must have begun learning English by age 2, per parent report).
- Must speak a rhotic dialect of English.
- Must pass a pure-tone hearing screening at 20dB hearing level.
- Must pass a brief examination of oral structure and function.
- Must exhibit less than 30% accuracy, based on consensus across 2 trained listeners, on a probe list eliciting rhotics in various phonetic contexts at the word level.
- Must exhibit no more than 3 sounds other than /r/ in error on the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation-3 (GFTA-3).
Exclusion Criteria
- Must not receive a T score more than 1.3 SD below the mean on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence-2 (WASI-2) Matrix Reasoning
- Must not receive a scaled score of 7 or higher on the Recalling Sentences and Formulated Sentences subtests of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-5 (CELF-5).
- Must not have an existing diagnosis of developmental disability or major neurobehavioral syndrome such as cerebral palsy, Down Syndrome, or Autism Spectrum Disorder
Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04858022). Outcome figures and adverse-event rates are extracted automatically from the registry's posted results and are provided for clinician reference, not as a substitute for the primary publication.