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Finger millet supports sustainable nutrition and climate resilience as an underutilized grain for functional foodsFinger Millet Offers Nutrient Rich Food for Sustainable Nutrition

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Key Takeaway
Recognize finger millet as a nutrient-dense, climate-resilient grain with high potential for functional food development.

This systematic review synthesizes evidence from 147 peer-reviewed articles regarding the role of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) in promoting sustainable nutrition, health, and food security. The authors highlight its nutritional profile as being rich in calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, dietary fiber, and bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the grain is noted for its climate resilience, specifically exhibiting excellent drought tolerance and adaptation to marginal environments.

Beyond its nutritional value, finger millet has diverse applications in traditional foods, weaning products, fermented beverages, livestock feed, and various value-added products such as flour, bakery items, and noodles. These characteristics position it as a promising candidate for functional food development and the creation of resilient food systems.

Despite these benefits, several barriers to widespread adoption are identified. These include labor-intensive production methods, challenges in post-harvest processing, lower yields relative to major cereals, pest and weed infestations, and limited mechanization. Additionally, weak market integration and inadequate research investment currently constrain its potential. The review suggests that while finger millet is a promising indigenous grain for sustainable nutrition, significant infrastructure and research investments are needed to overcome current production and market barriers.

A review of 147 peer-reviewed articles looked at finger millet, a traditional grain. The study found that this grain is packed with important nutrients, including calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, and dietary fiber. It also contains bioactive phytochemicals that provide antioxidant properties.

Beyond its nutritional value, the research highlights how well finger millet grows in tough conditions. It shows excellent drought tolerance and can adapt to marginal environments. This makes it a strong candidate for creating sustainable food systems that can withstand changing climates.

While promising, there are hurdles to using more finger millet on a large scale. These include labor-intensive production, lower yields compared to major grains, and issues with pests or weeds. Because the evidence comes from a narrative review of existing literature rather than a new clinical trial, it serves as an overview of the grain's potential for future food products.

What this means for you:
Finger millet is a nutrient-rich, climate-resilient grain that could support better nutrition and food security.

Common questions

What nutrients are found in finger millet?

Finger millet contains several important minerals and components. Specifically, it is rich in calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, and dietary fiber. It also contains bioactive phytochemicals that have antioxidant properties.

Why is finger millet considered good for the environment?

Finger millet shows excellent drought tolerance. Because it can adapt well to marginal environments, it is considered a promising option for creating climate-resilient food systems and sustainable nutrition.

What are the challenges in using finger millet more often?

Several barriers exist, including labor-intensive production and post-harvest processing. Other issues include lower yields than major cereals, pest and weed infestations, limited mechanization, and a need for more research investment.

Study Details

Study typeSystematic review
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedAug 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
Food insecurity and malnutrition remain major challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa, driven by climate change and agricultural systems that rely heavily on a few staple crops, including maize, rice, and wheat. The prioritisation of these crops during the Green Revolution has contributed to the neglect of nutrient-rich indigenous grains. Finger millet (Eleusine coracana), an indigenous African cereal, has attracted increasing attention because of its exceptional nutritional composition, climate resilience, and potential for functional food development. This review evaluated the role of finger millet in promoting sustainable nutrition, health, and food security. A semi-systematic narrative review was conducted following Snyder’s review framework and guided by PRISMA principles for literature identification and screening. Literature published between March 2025 and April 2026 was retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, JSTOR, and ResearchGate using predefined search terms related to finger millet, indigenous grains, nutrition, food security, and functional foods amongst others. An initial 245 articles were identified; after removing 86 duplicates and excluding 12 studies during screening, 147 peer-reviewed articles met the inclusion criteria and were qualitatively synthesised. The reviewed evidence demonstrates that finger millet is rich in calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, dietary fibre, and bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant properties. The crop exhibits excellent drought tolerance and adapts well to marginal environments, making it suitable for climate-resilient agriculture. Finger millet is widely utilised in traditional foods, weaning products, fermented beverages, livestock feed, and value-added products including flour, bakery products, and noodles. However, its wider adoption is constrained by labour-intensive production and post-harvest processing, lower yields than major cereals, pest and weed infestations, limited mechanisation, weak market integration, and inadequate research investment. Finger millet represents a promising underutilised indigenous grain for functional food development, sustainable nutrition, and climate-resilient food systems. Addressing production constraints through improved breeding, mechanisation, research investment, and value-chain development could substantially enhance its contribution to dietary diversification, improved public health, and sustainable food and nutrition security.
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