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Acupuncture and massage reduced pain in AYA cancer patients in small RCT subgroup analysisAcupuncture and massage may help reduce pain in young adults with advanced cancer

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Key Takeaway
Consider both acupuncture and massage as potential adjuncts for pain in AYA cancer patients, but evidence is from a small subgroup analysis.

This subgroup analysis of a randomized controlled trial examined pain management in 30 adolescent and young adult patients (aged 18-39 years) with advanced cancer. Participants received either weekly acupuncture (n=13) or weekly massage (n=17) for 10 weeks, followed by monthly booster treatments through week 26. The primary outcome was change in worst pain score from the Brief Pain Inventory.

At 10 weeks, the acupuncture group showed a mean reduction of -1.26 points (95% CI, -2.54 to 0.01), while the massage group showed a mean reduction of -2.81 points (95% CI, -3.92 to -1.70). At 26 weeks, reductions were -1.46 points (95% CI, -2.78 to -0.14) for acupuncture and -3.79 points (95% CI, -4.85 to -2.73) for massage. The study did not report a direct statistical comparison between the two interventions.

Safety and tolerability data were not reported. Key limitations include the small sample size, the subgroup analysis design, and the confidence interval for acupuncture at 10 weeks that includes zero, indicating statistical uncertainty at that timepoint. The findings suggest both modalities may be associated with pain reduction in this population, but the evidence is preliminary and does not establish superiority of one approach over the other.

Researchers conducted a small study to see if acupuncture or massage could help manage pain in young adults with advanced cancer. They followed 30 patients aged 18-39 for 26 weeks, with half receiving weekly acupuncture and half receiving weekly massage for the first 10 weeks, followed by monthly treatments.

Both groups reported less pain over time. The massage group showed slightly larger reductions in pain scores at both 10 and 26 weeks, but the study didn't directly compare which approach worked better. For acupuncture at 10 weeks, the confidence interval included zero, meaning the pain reduction might have been due to chance.

This was a small study with only 30 participants, so the results are preliminary. The researchers didn't report safety concerns, but they also didn't provide detailed information about side effects or how well patients tolerated the treatments. Since this was a subgroup analysis of a larger trial, the findings need to be confirmed in studies designed specifically for young adults with cancer.

Readers should understand that both acupuncture and massage showed promise for pain relief in this small group, but we don't know if one approach is better than the other. These findings suggest these therapies might be helpful additions to pain management, but patients should discuss all options with their healthcare team.

What this means for you:
Small study suggests acupuncture and massage may help with cancer pain in young adults, but more research is needed.

Study Details

Study typeRct
EvidenceLevel 2
Follow-up468.0 mo
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
PURPOSE: Pain management remains challenging for adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients. Acupuncture and massage have been recommended for cancer-related pain management, but no prospective trials have been conducted in AYA patients. We explored the effects of acupuncture and massage on pain in AYAs. METHODS: This subgroup analysis focused on AYA patients (aged 18-39 years) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial comparing acupuncture and massage for pain management in advanced cancer. Interventions were delivered weekly for 10 weeks, followed by monthly booster treatments through week 26. The primary outcome was the worst pain score from the Brief Pain Inventory, analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS: Thirty participants met eligibility criteria (13 acupuncture; 17 massage), with a mean age of 31.1 years (standard deviation, 5.8); 57% were female; 67% were White; and 53% had solid tumors. Both groups experienced reduced pain over time. Relative to baseline, patients receiving acupuncture had a mean change of -1.26 points (95% confidence interval [CI], -2.54 to 0.01) at 10 weeks and a mean change of -1.46 points (95% CI, -2.78 to -0.14) at 26 weeks. Patients receiving massage experienced a mean change of -2.81 points (95% CI, -3.92 to -1.70) at week 10 and a mean change of -3.79 points (95% CI, -4.85 to -2.73) at week 26. CONCLUSION: AYA patients with advanced cancer who received either acupuncture or massage experienced clinically meaningful and sustained reductions in pain. These findings provide a promising foundation for future trials aimed at evaluating integrative pain management strategies in AYAs.
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