Is there a trial testing hydrocortisone to prevent PTSD after a traumatic event?
Researchers have tested hydrocortisone (a stress hormone) given shortly after a traumatic event to see if it can prevent PTSD. The most recent and comprehensive evidence comes from a 2024 Cochrane review that looked at early pharmacological interventions for people with acute traumatic stress symptoms. That review found no clear evidence that hydrocortisone prevents PTSD, though some older studies suggested a possible benefit. The evidence is limited and more research is needed.
What the research says
A 2024 Cochrane review examined early pharmacological interventions for preventing PTSD in adults with acute traumatic stress symptoms 9. The review included randomized controlled trials comparing medications to placebo. For hydrocortisone, the review found no clear evidence that it prevents PTSD, though the number of studies was small and the quality of evidence was low 9. An earlier 2014 Cochrane review on pharmacological prevention of PTSD had suggested that hydrocortisone might reduce PTSD symptoms, but that review also noted the evidence was limited and based on few trials 11. A 2022 Cochrane review on universal prevention (giving medication to all trauma-exposed individuals regardless of symptoms) did not specifically highlight hydrocortisone 10. Overall, the most up-to-date evidence does not support using hydrocortisone routinely to prevent PTSD after trauma.
What to ask your doctor
- What are the current evidence-based treatments for preventing PTSD after a traumatic event?
- Are there any ongoing clinical trials for hydrocortisone or other medications to prevent PTSD?
- What are the potential risks and side effects of taking hydrocortisone shortly after trauma?
- How do early psychological interventions compare to medication for preventing PTSD?
This question is drawn from common patient questions about Psychiatry and answered using cited medical research. We do not provide individualized advice.