What details are available about the recent Hepatitis A outbreak in the United States?
Hepatitis A infection reports in the United States increased by 294% between 2016 and 2018 compared to the previous three years 1. This surge prompted the CDC to issue updated immunization recommendations for the population 2. Outbreaks have been reported across 26 states as of September 2019 4.
What the research says
Investigations into recent outbreaks have focused on specific transmission routes. In Los Angeles County, field reports noted a significant increase in Hepatitis A virus concentrations in wastewater during an outbreak 8. Molecular testing was also used to investigate the source of the outbreak in that same area 5.
Food safety remains a critical factor. Reviews indicate that most outbreak cases are caused by infected food handlers, who were the source of 53% of total outbreaks 9. This highlights the importance of hygiene measures for food workers. Additionally, surveillance reports track drinking water-associated outbreaks to understand long-term risks 3.
The scope of these outbreaks is significant. Data from 2019 showed cases reported across 26 states 4. While specific details on the response and full scope of every outbreak may not always be publicly detailed in every report 6, the trend of increased cases is clear. There are also reports describing deaths related to these outbreaks 7.
What to ask your doctor
- Have I received the Hepatitis A vaccine, and do I need a booster shot given recent outbreak data?
- What are the signs of Hepatitis A that I should watch for if I have traveled or eaten at a specific restaurant?
- How can I protect my family if I work in food service or handle food for others?
- Are there specific travel destinations I should avoid or get extra vaccines for before a trip?
This question is drawn from common patient questions about Infectious Disease and answered using cited medical research. We do not provide individualized advice.