Surgical excision in dromedary camels yields 83.70% recovery with 16.30% complications across cutaneous and subcutaneous masses.
Photo by Mohamad Sameh / Unsplash
Key Takeaway
Note that surgical excision in dromedary camels shows 83.70% recovery with manageable complications in this observational cohort.
This cohort study included 92 confirmed cases of cutaneous and subcutaneous masses in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Riyadh, Al Qassim, and Eastern provinces of Saudi Arabia. The primary intervention was surgical excision, with secondary outcomes including lesion classification, anatomical location, and demographic distributions. Non-neoplastic lesions were the most frequent outcome at 60.87%, followed by neoplastic lesions at 39.13% of cases. Among neoplastic components, fibromas represented 23.91% and papillomas 10.87%.
Anatomically, hindlimb lesions were the most common site at 26.09%, followed by head lesions at 17.39%. Higher lesion frequencies were observed in camels aged 5–10 years (75%) and females (64.13%). The Wadeh breed was the most represented at 56.52%. Safety data indicated that adverse events included edema, hemorrhage, infection, or recurrence, occurring in 16.30% of cases (15/92). Complete primary recovery was achieved in 83.70% of cases (77/92). All complications were successfully managed.
The study notes that comprehensive clinicopathological data regarding prevalence, classification, and clinical outcomes remain limited. Consequently, these results provide clinicians with valuable insights into clinical frequency and diagnostic characteristics but do not establish causal treatment benefits. The data supports improved clinical decision-making by establishing a baseline for classifying lesions in this population.
View Original Abstract ↓
Cutaneous and subcutaneous masses are frequently encountered in dromedary camels. However, comprehensive clinicopathological data regarding their prevalence, classification, and clinical outcomes remain limited. This study aimed to describe the diagnostic characteristics and surgical outcomes of skin masses in a hospital-presented camel cohort.
Between September 2023 and August 2024, a total of 213 dromedary camels were selected through purposive sampling based on the clinical presentation of various skin conditions across Riyadh, Al Qassim and Eastern provinces of Saudi Arabia. From this initial group, 92 cases of confirmed cutaneous or subcutaneous masses were included. Data on lesion type, anatomical location, age, sex, breed, and treatment outcome were collected and analyzed. Six types of skin masses were classified as neoplastic or non-neoplastic based on definitive histopathological biopsy features.
Non-neoplastic lesions were the most frequent (60.87%), with granulomas and chronic abscesses predominating. Neoplastic lesions accounted for 39.13% of cases, primarily consisting of fibromas (23.91%) and papillomas (10.87%). The most common anatomical sites for lesion occurrence were the hindlimbs (26.09%) and the head (17.39%). A higher frequency of lesions was observed in camels aged 5–10 years (75%) and in females (64.13%). Among breeds, Wadeh camels (56.52%) were most represented. Surgical excision resulted in complete primary recovery in 83.70% (77/92) of cases. While 16.30% (15/92) experienced postoperative complications, including edema, hemorrhage, infection, or recurrence, all were successfully managed.
This study provides clinicians with valuable insights into the clinical frequency, diagnostic characteristics, and treatment outcomes of cutaneous and subcutaneous masses in dromedary camels. These findings establish a clinical baseline for classifying such lesions, supporting improved clinical decision-making and providing a foundation for future research in camelid medicine.
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