Prior GDM associated with higher risks of cesarean delivery, recurrence, and gestational hypertension in a retrospective cohort.

This retrospective cohort study included women who delivered at Shenzhen Longhua District People’s Hospital between 2015 and 2025. The population was divided into a PGDM group (n=332) and a non-PGDM group (n=994). The primary exposure was a prior history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), compared against women without prior history. The study assessed adverse maternal-fetal outcomes, including cesarean delivery, GDM recurrence, and gestational hypertension.

Results indicated a significantly higher risk of cesarean delivery in the PGDM group (32.8% vs. 26.9%, p < 0.05). The risk of GDM recurrence was also significantly higher in the PGDM group (50.0% vs. 11.8%, p < 0.05). Additionally, gestational hypertension occurred more frequently in the PGDM group (3.0% vs. 1.2%, p < 0.05). Absolute numbers for these outcomes were not reported.

Safety data, including adverse events, serious adverse events, discontinuations, and tolerability, were not reported. The study design is observational, meaning it can only demonstrate association rather than causation. Key details regarding follow-up duration and specific funding or conflicts of interest were not reported. These results inform evidence-based clinical management strategies for this high-risk population but require cautious interpretation.