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Systematic review and meta-analysis shows small BMI reduction in preschoolers with screen-time interventionsScreen-time programs slightly lower BMI in preschoolers but diet habits stay the same

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Key Takeaway
Note small BMI reduction but high heterogeneity in screen-time interventions for preschoolers.

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of screen-time-focused interventions on preschool children aged 2 to 6 years. Approximately 2800 children were included in the analysis, which compared interventions such as parent education, home-based programs, technology-assisted restriction, and digital or app-based interventions against controls. The primary outcomes assessed were body mass index (BMI), daily screen time, and diet-related behaviours.

The analysis found a small but statistically significant reduction in BMI, with a mean difference of -0.18 kg/m and a 95% CI of -0.33 to -0.03. Reductions in daily screen time favored intervention groups with a mean difference of -27.2 min/day, but these were not statistically significant, with a 95% CI of -66.9 to 12.5. No consistent improvements were observed for diet-related behaviours.

The authors identified several limitations, including high heterogeneity with an I of 92.7% for BMI and an I of 99.2% for screen time. BMI effects were attenuated in studies with higher proportions of girls, and screen-time reductions were greater among older preschool children. Funding or conflicts were not reported, and adverse events were not reported. The practice relevance highlights the need for tailored, family-centred intervention strategies.

Parents often worry about how much time their young children spend on screens. A large review looked at programs designed to cut down this time using parent education and home-based tools. These efforts involved about 2800 preschool children aged two to six years.

The analysis showed a small but real drop in body mass index for kids in these programs. The average difference was less than two tenths of a kilogram per square meter. However, daily screen time did not drop enough to be considered a clear win, and diet-related behaviors did not improve consistently across the studies.

The results were not perfect. The studies varied greatly in how they were done, and the effect on weight was smaller for girls than boys. Older children in the group saw bigger reductions in screen time than younger ones. While the programs did not cause harm, they did not fix eating habits or fully reduce screen use.

This review suggests that family-centered strategies are needed to truly help children. Simple limits on screens alone may not be enough to change diet or weight outcomes in this age group.

What this means for you:
Screen-time limits slightly lowered BMI but did not consistently improve diet in preschoolers.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedMay 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to systematically review and quantitatively synthesise the effects of screen-time-focused interventions on body mass index (BMI), daily screen time and diet-related behaviours among preschool children. METHODS: A PRISMA 2020-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving children aged 2-6 years was conducted. Eligible trials targeted screen use via parent education, home-based programs, technology-assisted restriction or digital/app-based interventions, reporting ≥ 1 outcome (BMI, daily screen time or diet). Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus. Risk of bias was assessed with RoB 2. Random-effects meta-analyses with Hartung-Knapp adjustment were performed, and heterogeneity (I, τ), sensitivity analyses, funnel plots and meta-regression were used to evaluate robustness and moderators. RESULTS: Ten RCTs including approximately 2800 preschool children were analysed. Screen-time interventions resulted in a small but statistically significant reduction in BMI compared with controls (MD = -0.18 kg/m; 95% CI - 0.33 to -0.03; I = 92.7%). Reductions in daily screen time favoured intervention groups but were not statistically significant (MD = -27.2 min/day; 95% CI - 66.9 to 12.5; I = 99.2%). No consistent improvements were observed for diet-related behaviours. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of BMI findings. Meta-regression indicated that BMI effects were attenuated in studies with higher proportions of girls, whereas screen-time reductions were greater among older preschool children. CONCLUSIONS: Screen-time interventions in preschool children yield modest BMI benefits but inconsistent effects on screen use and diet. Age- and sex-related differences in responsiveness highlight the need for tailored, family-centred intervention strategies.
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