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Meta-analysis shows Bailing Capsule improves markers in adult primary nephrotic syndrome with low adverse eventsBailing Capsule improves kidney markers and safety in adult nephrotic syndrome patients

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Key Takeaway
Meta-analysis suggests Bailing Capsule is a safe adjunctive option for adult primary nephrotic syndrome, though long-term data are needed.

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessed the efficacy and safety of Bailing Capsule in 920 adult patients with primary nephrotic syndrome. The intervention was administered as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy compared to conventional therapy alone. The review synthesized findings across multiple secondary outcomes, including renal function, lipid profiles, and immune parameters.

The analysis reported significantly reduced 24-hour urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and total cholesterol. Conversely, serum albumin levels were markedly increased. Immunological markers, including CD3+ T lymphocytes, CD4+ T lymphocytes, and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, also showed significant increases. The overall clinical response rate was improved, and adverse events occurred with low incidence, indicating a favorable safety profile.

However, the authors highlight that conclusions of existing clinical studies remain inconsistent. They emphasize that further high-quality, large-scale, and multicenter RCTs are still required to validate the long-term efficacy and safety. Consequently, while Bailing Capsule may serve as a safe and effective adjunctive therapeutic option for adult patients with primary nephrotic syndrome, long-term outcomes remain uncertain and require additional validation.

For adults struggling with primary nephrotic syndrome, losing too much protein in urine can be exhausting and scary. A recent analysis looked at how adding Bailing Capsule to standard care changes the picture. The review combined data from 920 patients to see if this treatment made a real difference.

The results were promising. Patients taking Bailing Capsule alongside their usual therapy saw significant drops in protein loss, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen. Their cholesterol levels went down, while their blood albumin levels rose markedly. The treatment also boosted immune cell counts and improved the overall clinical response rate for these patients.

Safety was another key concern. The study found that adverse events were rare, and the drug had a favorable safety profile. However, experts note that conclusions from current studies are sometimes inconsistent. They emphasize that further large-scale trials are needed to fully validate long-term effectiveness and safety before this becomes a standard option.

What this means for you:
Bailing Capsule shows promise as a safe add-on therapy for adults with primary nephrotic syndrome.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
BackgroundBailing Capsule, a standardized fungal medicinal preparation recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition), is widely applied in the clinical management of various kidney diseases including adult primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). However, the conclusions of existing clinical studies on its therapeutic effects for adult PNS remain inconsistent, lacking a comprehensive and quantitative evidence synthesis.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Bailing Capsule for adult PNS. Eight major databases were systematically searched from their inception to December 20, 2025, for relevant RCTs. Meta-analytical data processing was performed using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4, with no language restrictions applied to the literature search.ResultsA total of 11 eligible RCTs involving 920 adult patients with PNS were included in this study. Compared with conventional therapy alone, Bailing Capsule (used as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy) significantly reduced levels of 24-hour urinary protein excretion (24hUpro), serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and total cholesterol (TC), and markedly increased serum albumin (ALB), CD3+ T lymphocytes, CD4+ T lymphocytes and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Additionally, Bailing Capsule exhibited significant renoprotective effects, improved the overall clinical response rate, and presented a favorable safety profile with a low incidence of adverse events.ConclusionBailing Capsule may serve as a safe and effective adjunctive therapeutic option for adult patients with PNS, with positive effects on improving renal function indicators, regulating immune function and enhancing clinical efficacy. However, further high-quality, large-scale and multicenter RCTs are still required to validate the long-term efficacy and safety of Bailing Capsule for adult PNS.
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