Case report describes ischemic proctitis from rectal arteriovenous fistula requiring multiple interventions

A case report and literature review describes a 61-year-old man diagnosed with ischemic proctitis caused by a superior rectal arteriovenous fistula. The diagnostic process was reported as challenging, with angiography ultimately confirming the presence of the fistula. No comparator group was reported, and the study phase, setting, and follow-up duration were not specified.

The patient's treatment course involved endoscopic hemostasis and interventional embolization. Due to subsequent rectal stenosis, the patient eventually underwent proctectomy. The report does not provide specific primary or secondary outcomes, effect sizes, or absolute numbers for these interventions. Safety and tolerability data, including adverse events and discontinuations, were not reported.

Key limitations include the nature of the evidence as a single case report, the absence of comparative data or statistical analysis, and the noted diagnostic challenges. Funding sources and conflicts of interest were not reported. The practice relevance of these findings is constrained by the low level of evidence. This report serves to document a rare presentation and complex management pathway for a condition with limited published data.