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High-frequency rTMS on left parietal lobe may improve memory scores in post-stroke patientsSmall study finds brain stimulation may help memory after stroke

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Key Takeaway
Consider small RCT linking left parietal rTMS to improved memory scores in post-stroke patients; safety and effect size data are lacking.

A randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of 20 Hz high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the left parietal lobe in 45 patients with post-stroke memory impairment. The active intervention was compared to a sham stimulation control group. The study did not explicitly report a primary outcome, duration of follow-up, or the study phase.

The rTMS group showed greater improvement in Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores from baseline compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The active treatment group also demonstrated higher scores on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) delayed recall (p < 0.05) and the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) delayed recall (p < 0.05) relative to controls. Furthermore, resting-state functional connectivity, measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), was significantly enhanced within the prefrontal lobe and between the left prefrontal and right occipital lobes in the rTMS group (p < 0.05). The study did not report specific effect sizes, confidence intervals, or absolute numerical changes for these outcomes.

Critical limitations constrain the interpretation of these results. The sample size was small (n=45), and the study did not report any data on adverse events, serious adverse events, tolerability, or discontinuation rates. Effect sizes and confidence intervals were not provided, limiting the assessment of clinical significance. The absence of a specified primary outcome, long-term follow-up data, and details on funding or conflicts of interest are additional shortcomings. While the findings suggest an association between the intervention and improved cognitive metrics, the study design does not establish definitive causation.

Researchers conducted a small study to see if a non-invasive brain stimulation technique could help with memory problems after a stroke. The technique, called repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), was applied to the left side of the head in 45 patients who had memory issues following a stroke. One group received the real stimulation, while a control group received a sham (fake) treatment that felt similar but did not stimulate the brain.

The study found that patients who received the real rTMS showed greater improvement on standard memory and thinking tests compared to their own scores before treatment. They also scored better on specific memory recall tests than the control group. Brain scans suggested the stimulation was linked to increased communication between certain areas of the brain involved in memory.

It is important to be cautious about these results. The study was very small, with only 45 total participants, which makes it harder to draw firm conclusions. The researchers did not report on the safety or side effects of the treatment in this group, nor did they track patients to see if any benefits lasted over time. Larger, longer studies are needed to confirm if this approach is truly safe and effective for helping memory recovery after a stroke.

What this means for you:
Early, small study suggests a possible memory benefit from brain stimulation after stroke, but much more research is needed.

Study Details

Study typeRct
Sample sizen = 45
EvidenceLevel 2
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
BACKGROUND: Memory impairment is a prevalent cognitive deficit following stroke, which can significantly impact quality of life and rehabilitation prognosis. Traditional cognitive rehabilitation therapy offers some benefits in improving memory function, its efficacy remains limited. This study investigated the effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at the left parietal lobe on post-stroke memory impairment. METHODS: A total of 45 patients with post-stroke memory impairment were randomly divided into two groups. The rTMS group underwent 20 Hz rTMS on the left parietal lobe, while the non-stimulated control group received sham stimulation. All participants underwent neuropsychological tests (including the montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT), and Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test (ROCF)) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) scans before and after intervention. fNIRS data was analyzed by functional connectivity analysis to measure changes within brain networks. RESULTS: After treatment, the rTMS group showed greater improvement in MoCA scores compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Relative to the controls, the rTMS group demonstrated higher scores in delayed recall for RAVLT and ROCF (p < 0.05), as well as significantly enhanced resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within the prefrontal lobe and between the left prefrontal lobe and right occipital lobe (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: High-frequency rTMS of the left parietal lobe effectively ameliorates memory impairment in stroke patients, and one of the possible mechanisms is the enhanced rsFC within the prefrontal lobe and between the prefrontal and occipital lobes.
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