Robot-assisted stereotactic brain biopsy showed shorter operative time versus frame-based biopsy in 54 patients.

This retrospective cohort study included 54 patients who underwent stereotactic brain biopsy at the Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital. The intervention involved a three-dimensional (3D) structured-light robot-assisted frameless stereotactic brain biopsy using the Huake Precision SR1-3D system. The comparator was frame-based stereotactic brain biopsy using the Anke system. Primary outcomes included surgical efficiency, localization accuracy, biopsy success rate, and operative safety.

secondary_outcomes were registration error, operative time, diagnostic yield, incidence of adverse surgical events, length of hospital stay, surgical costs, entry-point error, and target-point error. Registration error was reported as 0.31 ± 0.07 mm. Operative time was significantly shorter in the robot-assisted group, while surgical costs were higher in the robot-assisted group. P-values for operative time and costs were reported as p > 0.05.

Safety data, including adverse events, serious adverse events, discontinuations, and tolerability, were not reported. The study did not report specific values for diagnostic yield, length of hospital stay, entry-point error, target-point error, or biopsy success rate. Funding or conflicts of interest were not reported. The study phase and publication type were not reported.

Limitations include the small sample size of 54 patients and the retrospective observational design, which precludes causal inference. The follow-up duration was not reported. Practice relevance was not reported. Clinicians should interpret these findings with caution regarding cost-effectiveness and safety profiles.