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Beta-alanine supplementation improves time to exhaustion in women with a pooled effect of SMD 0.49Beta-alanine may help women exercise longer before getting tired

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Key Takeaway
Note that beta-alanine improves time to exhaustion in women, but evidence for other performance metrics is unclear.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on physical performance in women across 11 independent randomized controlled trials involving 312 participants. The primary finding was a statistically significant improvement in time to exhaustion (TTE) with a pooled effect size of SMD = 0.49 (95% CI 0.20 to 0.79; p=0.001).

Regarding secondary outcomes, the authors reported that pooled estimates for peak power and anaerobic performance were imprecise, as 95% confidence intervals included both trivial and potentially meaningful effects. No clear pooled effects were observed for VO2max, VO2peak, or body fat percentage.

The authors noted several limitations, including a small evidence base and very low certainty of evidence across all outcomes. Specifically, the results for peak power and anaerobic performance were hindered by indirectness in the data.

While beta-alanine may improve time to exhaustion in women, clinical application should be approached with caution due to the limited evidence base and low certainty of findings. Further high-quality research is needed to clarify effects on other physiological markers.

If you have ever pushed through a tough workout but felt your muscles give out too soon, you know how frustrating it is to hit that wall. New research looked at whether taking a supplement called beta-alanine could help women stay active for longer during intense exercise.

By looking at 11 different trials involving 312 women, the researchers found that those who took beta-alanine were able to exercise for a longer amount of time before reaching exhaustion. However, it is important to note that while this specific improvement was clear, other factors like peak power and oxygen levels did not show consistent results.

Because the evidence base is small and the overall certainty of these findings is very low, we cannot say for sure how much of a difference it makes for everyone. The data suggests a potential benefit for endurance, but more high-quality research is needed to confirm exactly how it works.

What this means for you:
Beta-alanine may help women exercise longer before hitting exhaustion, but the current evidence is limited.

Common questions

Can beta-alanine help me work out longer?

The study found that women who took beta-alanine were able to reach a higher time to exhaustion compared to those who did not. This means they could keep going for longer during their workouts. However, the researchers noted that the overall certainty of this evidence is very low because the data comes from a small number of studies.

Does beta-alanine improve other fitness metrics like body fat?

The study did not find clear results for several other factors. While it may help with time to exhaustion, there were no clear effects found regarding peak power, anaerobic performance, oxygen uptake (VO2max), or body fat percentage. Because the evidence is limited, these specific benefits are not confirmed.

Is the evidence for beta-alanine strong?

The current evidence is considered to have very low certainty across all outcomes measured. While some results favored longer exercise times, many other measurements were imprecise or showed no clear effect. Because of this limited data, you should talk to your doctor before starting any new supplement routine.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedJun 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
BackgroundBeta-alanine is widely used as an ergogenic aid in sports nutrition, yet most evidence comes from male or mixed-sex samples. Its effects in women therefore remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on exercise performance and related outcomes in women.MethodsThis review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261362733). PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched from inception to April 30, 2026. Randomized controlled studies in women comparing beta-alanine with placebo or control were included. Outcomes included time to exhaustion (TTE), maximal or peak oxygen uptake, peak power, anaerobic performance, and body fat percentage. RoB 2 and GRADE were used to assess risk of bias and certainty of evidence, respectively. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsTwelve reports from 11 independent randomized controlled trials involving 312 women were included. Beta-alanine supplementation showed a pooled effect in favor of TTE (8 studies, N = 187; SMD = 0.49, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.79; p = 0.001; I2 = 0%). For the remaining outcomes, pooled estimates were imprecise, with 95% confidence intervals including trivial and, where applicable, potentially meaningful effects. Moreover, certainty of evidence was very low for all outcomes after downgrading for risk of bias, imprecision, and publication bias; peak power and anaerobic performance were additionally downgraded for indirectness.ConclusionBeta-alanine supplementation may improve TTE in trials conducted in women, but current evidence does not support clear pooled effects on peak power, anaerobic performance, VO₂max and VO₂peak, or body fat percentage. Overall, these findings suggest an outcome-specific response pattern, although confidence in the evidence remains limited because of the small evidence base and very low certainty across outcomes.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261362733, identifier PROSPERO (CRD420261362733).
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