Spirulina incorporation shows potential for improving metabolic markers and nutrient density in foods.

This systematic review assessed the incorporation of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) into various food applications. The study examined outcomes including nutrient density, bioactive content, oxidative stress, inflammation, glycemic control, lipid profiles, immune responses, and sustainability metrics. The review did not report a specific population, sample size, or comparator group, as the focus was on the properties of the ingredient itself rather than a randomized clinical trial of a specific dosage.

results indicated that Spirulina is rich in protein, complex carbohydrates, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Compounds such as C-phycocyanin, chlorophyll, beta-carotene, and phenolics were found to contribute significantly to antioxidant activity. Data suggested reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation, alongside improvements in glycemic control and lipid profiles. Additionally, the incorporation of Spirulina was associated with the modulation of immune responses. From a sustainability perspective, the organism demonstrated low land and water requirements along with high biomass yield.

Regarding safety, potential contamination with heavy metals was identified as a concern. The review noted variations in results due to differences in production conditions. Serious adverse events and discontinuations were not reported, but the overall tolerability profile was not explicitly detailed in the provided data. The authors highlighted that current evidence is primarily preclinical or limited in clinical scope.

The practice relevance of this review is to provide guidance for scalable application in the food industry. Clinicians should interpret these findings conservatively, recognizing that the evidence base is limited and does not yet support definitive clinical recommendations for patient care. Further research is needed to establish specific dosages and long-term safety profiles in human populations.