Literature review of youth engagement and leadership resources in the United States

The youth mental health crisis in the United States has garnered increasing attention, stimulating calls for urgent, evidence-based action. To inform the development of effective solutions, this literature review synthesized current data on youth mental health challenges, youth perspectives on needs and priorities, and existing resources and gaps. Findings reveal significant increases in mental health concerns among youth; disparities in outcomes and access to care, particularly among marginalized populations; and the critical importance of youth engagement and leadership in co-developing solutions. Youth perspectives emphasized the need for mental health education, school- and community-based resources, and arts-based activities as key avenues for fostering social connection and engagement. The review describes three categories of existing resources (community-based services, national nonprofits, and government initiatives), notes the potential value of creative engagement, and identifies gaps and challenges—such as inadequate funding and barriers to access. Findings underscore the urgent need for equity-oriented, culturally responsive approaches, including modalities informed by the arts, to address the youth mental health crisis. Importantly, they indicate the value of co-learning and co-strategizing with youth to promote mental health and flourishing. Despite some limitations, this review offers a timely synthesis of key themes and priorities, providing actionable insights for intervention and research efforts that support the mental health and well-being of youth in the United States.