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Peripheral blood inflammatory markers associated with complicated acute appendicitis in retrospective cohort studyBlood marker helps predict complicated appendicitis severity

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Key Takeaway
Note the association between the Systemic Inflammation Response Index and complicated acute appendicitis.

This retrospective cohort study analyzed 533 patients with acute appendicitis admitted between January 2018 and December 2024. The study population was divided into a training set of 429 patients and a validation set of 104 patients.

The research focused on the diagnostic value of peripheral blood composite inflammatory markers to distinguish between complicated acute appendicitis (CAA) and simple acute appendicitis (SAA). The study utilized multivariate stepwise logistic regression to identify independent predictors.

Results indicated that the Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) functioned as an independent predictor for CAA, with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 2.972 (95% CI: 1.722 to 5.187). The study also utilized receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate performance.

Safety and tolerability data, as well as specific study limitations, were not reported. While distinguishing between CAA and SAA is crucial for guiding treatment decisions, these associations should be interpreted with caution in clinical practice.

When you go to the hospital with sudden, intense abdominal pain, the doctors need to know one thing quickly: is your appendicitis simple, or has it become complicated? Distinguishing between the two is vital because it changes how your medical team decides to treat you.

Researchers looked at data from 533 patients admitted between 2018 and 2024 to find a better way to predict these risks. They focused on a specific set of inflammatory markers in the blood, known as the Systemic Inflammation Response Index, or SIRI. This index measures how much inflammation is circulating in your body.

They found that the SIRI marker acts as an independent predictor for complicated appendicitis. Specifically, the study showed that a higher level of this marker is linked to a much higher risk of complications.

While these findings are promising for guiding treatment decisions, this was a retrospective study, meaning it looked back at existing patient records. More research is needed to see how this predictive model works in real-time clinical settings.

What this means for you:
A specific blood inflammation marker can help predict if appendicitis will become a complicated case.

Study Details

Study typeCohort
EvidenceLevel 3
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
BackgroundAccurate distinction between complicated acute appendicitis (CAA) and simple acute appendicitis (SAA) is crucial for guiding treatment decisions. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of peripheral blood inflammatory composite markers and develop a predictive model for CAA.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 533 patients with acute appendicitis (429 in the training set and 104 in the validation set) admitted between January 2018 and December 2024 were enrolled. Various peripheral blood composite inflammatory markers were calculated. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression identified independent predictors. Based on these predictors, a diagnostic nomogram was constructed and its performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsThe Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI, OR = 2.972, 95% CI: 1.722–5.187, P 
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