Problematic AI chatbot use needs careful attention before it becomes a formal diagnosis

The use of generative AI chatbots is growing fast. But what happens when use becomes problematic? This review looks at that emerging issue. It notes that current evidence remains limited. Most data comes from cross-sectional surveys. These studies capture a snapshot in time. They do not show cause and effect. Without clinical correlates, it is hard to tell if behavior is just heavy use or something more serious. Diagnostic boundaries remain unclear. We do not yet know where high engagement ends and addiction-like behavior begins. Existing measurement tools are in early stages of validation. They need more testing before we can trust them fully. Cultural factors also constrain our understanding. Different groups may experience these tools differently. Clinicians must remain attentive to cases involving functional impairment. They should also watch for psychological distress and loss of control. We must avoid overpathologizing normal behavior. Moral apprehension can cloud our judgment. We need honest tools to help patients. Until then, careful observation is the best approach.