Systematic review of orthognathic surgery outcomes in 6,482 patients with dentofacial deformities

This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized data from multiple studies to evaluate clinical outcomes, complications, and quality of life for orthognathic surgery in patients with dentofacial deformities. The pooled sample included 6,482 patients with a minimum follow-up duration of one year. The review focused on skeletal stability, complication rates, and functional recovery rather than specific surgical techniques or hospital settings.

mean ANB angle improvements for class III corrections were 6.8 degrees (95% CI: 6.2-7.4 degrees) and for class II corrections were 5.4 degrees (95% CI: 4.9-5.9 degrees). Skeletal stability was maintained in 87.3% of cases. Quality of life demonstrated substantial improvements with a standardized mean difference of -1.84 (95% CI: -2.12 to -1.56).

Safety data indicated an overall complication rate of 32.4% (95% CI: 28.7-36.1%). Neurosensory disturbances occurred in 52.8% of cases, with 92.6% recovering by 12 months. Permanent neurosensory alterations were observed in 3.4% of cases. Relapse greater than 2mm occurred in 18.7% of cases. The authors describe these adverse events as predominantly minor and self-limiting. Serious adverse events, discontinuations, and tolerability data were not reported.

The review did not identify specific funding sources or conflicts of interest. While the evidence supports the efficacy and safety profile of the procedure, the high rate of neurosensory disturbances requires careful patient counseling. The authors caution that complication rates are significant and that relapse is a common outcome. Practice relevance is limited to the need for realistic expectation setting regarding potential complications and recovery timelines.