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Balance training improves static, dynamic, and functional balance in children with developmental disordersBalance training boosts motor skills in kids with developmental disorders

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Key Takeaway
Consider balance training to improve various motor performance measures in children with developmental disorders.

This meta-analysis synthesized data from 22 trials to evaluate the impact of balance training (BT) on motor performance in children with developmental or health-related conditions. The analysis focused on several outcomes including static, dynamic, and functional balance, as well as gross motor function, muscle strength, and coordination.

The synthesis reported moderate effects for multiple primary outcomes: static balance (effect size 0.90), dynamic balance (effect size 0.65), functional balance (effect size 1.01), and gross motor function (effect size 0.55). Additionally, the analysis found positive effects for muscle strength and coordination, though specific effect sizes were not reported for these outcomes.

The authors noted that the evidence base is constrained by significant methodological heterogeneity among the included trials. Furthermore, there is a lack of evidence-based guidance regarding optimal balance training protocols. These limitations suggest that while balance training shows promise for improving motor function in this population, standardized clinical applications are not yet established.

How this fits prior evidence

This meta-analysis addresses a gap in physical intervention outcomes for children with developmental disorders. While previous reports on service use patterns for these children did not provide specific results for clinical application, this study provides evidence that balance training may improve motor performance and gross motor function.

If your child struggles with balance or coordination, a new analysis of 22 clinical trials offers some encouraging news. Balance training appears to help kids with developmental disorders improve their motor skills.

The analysis looked at children with various developmental or health-related conditions who took part in balance training programs. The results showed moderate improvements in static balance (standing still), dynamic balance (moving while staying upright), and functional balance (everyday tasks like walking). Gross motor function, muscle strength, and coordination also got better.

But here's the honest truth: the studies varied a lot in how they were done, so we can't say for sure what the best balance training program looks like. There's no clear guidance yet on how often or how long kids should train. Also, the analysis didn't report any side effects, but that doesn't mean there weren't any.

Still, for parents and therapists looking for ways to help kids with developmental challenges, balance training is a promising tool. Talk to your child's doctor or physical therapist about whether it might be a good fit.

What this means for you:
Balance training can moderately improve balance and motor skills in children with developmental disorders.

Common questions

What is balance training for kids with developmental disorders?

Balance training involves exercises that help a child improve their ability to stay steady and control their body movements. It can include activities like standing on one foot, walking on a line, or using balance boards. The goal is to enhance motor skills and coordination.

How effective is balance training according to this study?

The analysis found moderate effects on static balance, dynamic balance, and functional balance, with effect sizes ranging from 0.65 to 1.01. Gross motor function also improved moderately (effect size 0.55). Muscle strength and coordination showed positive effects, though exact numbers weren't reported.

Are there any risks or side effects of balance training?

The analysis did not report any adverse events or side effects. However, this doesn't guarantee that balance training is risk-free. Parents should consult with a healthcare professional to ensure exercises are safe and appropriate for their child's specific condition.

Who can benefit from balance training?

The study included children with developmental or health-related conditions. The findings suggest that balance training can help improve motor performance in this population. However, the optimal training protocols are not yet clear, so individual results may vary.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedJan 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
BACKGROUND: Children exhibiting atypical developmental trajectories often experience motor skill impairments, making them a priority for targeted interventions. While the benefits of balance training (BT) are well-established in typically developing populations, its impact on children with developmental disorders remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of BT in enhancing motor performance among children with developmental or health-related conditions. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and CNKI, covering publications up to January 2026. Eligible studies were limited to randomized controlled trials that examined BT interventions targeting at least one motor skill (, balance, strength) in children with developmental disorders. RESULTS: A total of 22 trials met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicated that BT produced moderate effects on static balance (ES = 0.90), dynamic balance (ES = 0.65), functional balance (ES = 1.01), and gross motor function (ES = 0.55). Only a limited number of studies examined muscle strength and coordination, and positive effects were reported. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the potential of BT to enhance balance and gross motor function in children with developmental disorders. Nevertheless, the current evidence base is constrained by methodological heterogeneity, and evidence-based guidance on optimal BT protocols remains lacking. Future research should prioritize high-quality, standardized trials that investigate task-specific BT interventions and systematically examine dose-response relationships to better clarify effectiveness and support translation to real-world clinical and educational settings.
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