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Cochlear implant non-use and partial use among paediatric recipients varies by clinical factorsFactors Linked to Low Cochlear Implant Use in Children

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Key Takeaway
Note that hearing loss duration and implantation age are associated with cochlear implant usage patterns.

The meta-analysis investigated the prevalence of non-use and partial use of cochlear implants among a cohort of paediatric recipients. The study identified varying rates of suboptimal adherence, with some patients using their devices for limited periods. The authors observed that these rates varied significantly based on geographic regions and specific clinical subgroups.

Several factors were associated with usage outcomes. Specifically, a longer duration of hearing loss was associated with a higher prevalence of partial use. Conversely, patients who received their implants at a younger age showed lower rates of partial use compared to those implanted later. These findings suggest that certain clinical milestones may influence long-term device engagement.

While the study highlights important associations, it is important to note that these findings indicate correlations rather than direct causation. Clinicians should use these insights to identify high-risk patients who may require more intensive follow-up. Targeted, risk-stratified strategies are recommended to improve long-term adherence for patients showing signs of suboptimal use.

A large review of data from 2,595 children with cochlear implants looked at how often these children actually use their devices. The study found that about 4.45% of children did not use their implants at all. Additionally, about 8.99% of children were found to have partial use, which is defined as using the device for less than 8 hours a day.

Several factors were linked to these lower usage rates. For example, children who had hearing loss for a longer period of time were more likely to show partial use. The age at which the implant was received also mattered; children implanted before 12 months of age showed lower rates of partial use compared to those implanted between 12 and 24 months.

Geographic location also showed differences, with much higher rates of non-use in Oceania compared to Europe. Because these findings show links rather than direct causes, they suggest that doctors can use these specific factors to identify which children might need more support to stay engaged with their devices.

What this means for you:
Factors like the age of implantation and duration of hearing loss are linked to how much a child uses their implant.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
Follow-up24.0 mo
PublishedNov 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of long-term cochlear implant (CI) non-use and partial use in paediatric recipients and identify factors associated with suboptimal adherence. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search of major electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed to identify studies reporting CI usage patterns in paediatric populations. REVIEW METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 29 studies (n = 2595) following PRISMA guidelines. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated using random-effects models with generalized linear mixed model. RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of non-use was 4.45% (95% CI: 2.21-8.78, p < 0.0001) and partial use (<8 h/day) was 8.99% (95% CI: 5.91-13.44, p < 0.0001). Non-use was highest in Oceania at 27.27% (95% CI = 9.05-58.57), and lowest in Europe at 1.99% (95% CI: 1.00-3.94). Compared to normal population, non-use rates are also significantly higher among specific clinical subgroups (16.29% vs 2.29%). Longer duration of hearing loss was associated with a higher prevalence of partial-use (coefficient 0.477, p < 0.001). Compared to 12-24 months, early implantation (=<12 months) was associated with reduced partial use (6.89% vs 16.81%). No significant associations were found with follow up duration, sex or implant laterality. CONCLUSION: More than one-tenth of recipients demonstrated suboptimal long-term adherence, varying by region, clinical subgroups, hearing loss duration, and implantation age. Targeted, risk-stratified strategies are needed to improve adherence and long-term outcomes.
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