MIH affects roughly one in six Spanish children, with prevalence varying widely by regionOne in Six Spanish Children Have Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation

This meta-analysis synthesizes epidemiological data on molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) among Spanish children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years. The primary aim was to estimate the prevalence of MIH in this population and to explore methodological and geographical factors contributing to variability across studies.

The main finding is that approximately one in six Spanish children is affected by MIH. However, the authors report significant geographical variation in prevalence estimates and methodological heterogeneity among the included studies, which limits direct comparability and the precision of any single national estimate. No pooled effect size, confidence interval, or p-value was reported for the prevalence estimate.

The review does not report sample size, follow-up duration, or adverse events, as these are not applicable to a prevalence meta-analysis. The authors acknowledge that the heterogeneity and geographical variation are important limitations. They highlight the need for standardized diagnostic protocols and nationally representative epidemiological studies to improve comparability and support preventive oral health strategies.

In practice, these findings suggest that MIH is relatively common among Spanish children, but clinicians should interpret prevalence estimates with caution given the variability across regions and studies. The results underscore the importance of consistent diagnostic criteria and representative sampling in future research.