In a single-center retrospective cohort of 107 pediatric patients, food was the most common anaphylaxis trigger at 62.61%.

This single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed 107 pediatric patients presenting with anaphylactic reactions. The primary objective was to identify risk factors for severe anaphylaxis, with secondary outcomes including clinical characteristics, severity, and allergen triggers. No specific follow-up duration was reported in the data.

Regarding triggers, food allergies accounted for the majority of cases, representing 62.61% (67/107) of the cohort. Among drug-related triggers, antibiotic allergy was the most common, observed in 44.44% (13/26) of drug-related cases. Specific allergy prevalence varied by age; egg allergy was noted in 37.50% (6/16) of children under 1 year, whereas fruit allergy prevalence was 37.50% (15/40) in children over 6 years.

Analysis of severe anaphylaxis prevalence revealed significant differences by age, sex, and trigger type. Severe reactions were more prevalent in children over 6 years old (36/47) compared to younger children (34/60; p = 0.031). Males experienced higher rates of severe anaphylaxis (34/47) than females (30/60; p = 0.019). Additionally, severe anaphylaxis was more prevalent in patients with drug allergies (16/47) compared to those with other triggers (10/60; p = 0.037). No safety data, adverse events, or discontinuations were reported.

As a retrospective cohort study, this single-center experience identifies associations rather than establishing causality. The findings suggest that age, sex, and trigger type are associated with severe outcomes in this pediatric population. Clinicians should interpret these results with caution, acknowledging the limitations inherent to retrospective observational designs.