This randomized controlled trial involved 617 community-dwelling people aged 65 years and older. Participants were assigned to either a home-based exercise program targeting upper limb strength and mobility or a program focusing on lower limb balance and strength. The study took place in a home-based setting.
After 12 months, researchers found no clinically important or statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding upper limb function. This primary outcome was measured using the self-report Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire. Secondary outcomes such as shoulder strength, range of motion, quality of life, and physical activity also showed no significant differences between the groups.
There were no reported adverse events, serious adverse events, discontinuations, or issues with tolerability. While the study confirms that older adults can learn and adhere to home-based exercise programs when instruction is provided in a group setting, it did not show that these specific arm exercises improved strength or function compared to leg exercises. More research is needed to determine the optimal exercise protocols for preventing shoulder dysfunction.
