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Short-foot exercise program improves static postural control and subjective ankle instability in chronic ankle instabilityCan a simple foot exercise help people with chronic ankle instability?

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Key Takeaway
Consider short-foot exercise for CAI static control cautiously; small study lacks safety data and long-term follow-up.

A randomized controlled trial evaluated a 4-week short-foot exercise (SFE) program performed 3 times per week in 24 individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Participants were randomized to either the SFE intervention (n=12) or continued usual daily routines without additional training (n=12). The primary outcomes were static and dynamic postural control and subjective ankle instability, assessed immediately postintervention at approximately 0.9 months.

The intervention group showed statistically significant improvement in static postural control compared to the control group (p < .05). Subjective ankle instability also improved significantly in the intervention group (p < .05). However, no significant differences between groups were found for dynamic postural control (p > .05). The study did not report absolute numbers, effect sizes, or specific measurement scales for these outcomes.

Safety and tolerability data were not reported. The study has several important limitations: a very small sample size of 24 participants, a short follow-up period of less than 1 month, and a laboratory setting that may not reflect real-world conditions. The absence of safety data, effect sizes, and absolute numbers further limits interpretation.

While the RCT design allows for causal inference regarding the observed improvements in static control and subjective symptoms, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. The study supports the potential integration of SFE into rehabilitation programs for CAI, but clinicians should await larger, longer-term studies with comprehensive safety assessments before adopting this approach broadly.

Chronic ankle instability can make you feel like you're walking on a shaky foundation, always worried about your ankle giving out. A small, tightly controlled study tested whether a simple exercise could help. Twenty-four people with this condition were split into two groups: one did a specific short-foot exercise program for four weeks, while the other just went about their usual routines.

The results showed that the exercise group did see improvements in their static balance—how steady they could stand on one foot—and they reported feeling less instability in their ankle. However, the exercises didn't seem to improve their dynamic postural control, which is the balance needed while moving. This was a small, short-term study done in a lab, so we don't know if the benefits last or if the exercises work for everyone.

It's important to note that the study didn't report any safety issues, but it also didn't specifically look for them. The findings are a promising signal that these targeted exercises could be a useful tool in physical therapy, but they're far from a definitive answer. More research with more people over a longer time is needed to understand the full picture.

What this means for you:
A small study found a foot exercise may improve balance in unstable ankles, but more research is needed.

Study Details

Study typeRct
Sample sizen = 12
EvidenceLevel 2
Follow-up0.9 mo
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
CONTEXT: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is associated with weakness and atrophy of the intrinsic foot muscle. Short-foot exercise (SFE) selectively activates the intrinsic foot muscle and has been proposed as a therapeutic intervention. However, evidence supporting its effectiveness in individuals with CAI remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of a 4-week SFE program on static and dynamic postural control and subjective ankle instability in individuals with CAI. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: We randomly allocated 24 participants with CAI to intervention (n = 12; age = 19.4 ± 0.9 years, height = 167.4 ± 8.6 cm, mass = 61.4 ± 8.6 kg) and control (n = 12; age = 19.5 ± 1.1 years, height = 165.9 ± 8.0 cm, mass = 61.7 ± 8.8 kg) groups. INTERVENTIONS: The intervention group performed the SFE program 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The control group continued usual daily routines without additional training. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We assessed static and dynamic postural control and subjective ankle instability using center-of-pressure measurements during single-legged stance, the Star Excursion Balance Test, and the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool, respectively, preintervention and postintervention. The data were analyzed using a 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (group × time) with an α level of .05. RESULTS: The intervention group showed improvements in static postural control and subjective ankle instability compared with the control group ( < .05). We found no differences in dynamic postural control ( > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that the 4-week SFE program effectively enhances static postural control and subjective ankle instability in individuals with CAI, supporting its integration into rehabilitation programs.
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