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Ten-week Baduanjin exercise improved sleep and mood in college students with Qi-deficiency constitutionCould a gentle 10-week exercise routine help college students feel less anxious and sleep better?

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Key Takeaway
Consider Baduanjin as a low-risk adjunct for students with Qi-deficiency constitution and poor sleep, pending larger confirmatory trials.

This randomized study evaluated a 10-week Baduanjin exercise program in college students with Qi-deficiency constitution accompanied by sleep quality problems. Thirty-seven students were randomly divided into a control group (n=18) and a training group (n=19). Outcomes included the Qi-deficiency constitution conversion score, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), measured before and after the intervention.

At baseline, the two groups were comparable on all four measures (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the control group showed no significant change on any measure (P > 0.05). In the training group, Qi-deficiency constitution conversion score, PSQI, SAS, and SDS were all lower than their pre-intervention values, and the authors report that improvement in sleep quality was positively correlated with improvement in Qi-deficiency constitution. The abstract concludes that Baduanjin can effectively improve sleep quality, Qi-deficiency constitution, and the negative emotions of depression and anxiety in this population.

Adverse events, tolerability, and discontinuations were not reported in the abstract. Limitations include a small total sample (37 participants), short 10-week follow-up, a single-population focus on college students with Qi-deficiency constitution, and reliance on self-rated scales (PSQI, SAS, SDS) plus constitution conversion scoring. Between-group statistical comparisons and effect sizes are not detailed in the abstract text provided.

For clinicians and student health services, these findings offer preliminary support for Baduanjin as a low-intensity adjunctive practice for students presenting with Qi-deficiency constitution and poor sleep, but the small sample and limited reporting argue for cautious interpretation pending larger trials. The study is registered as ITMCTR2025000103.

Imagine a college student who feels tired, worries too much, and can't sleep well. In this study, 37 students with these specific feelings practiced Baduanjin, a slow and gentle form of movement, for 10 weeks. They compared their feelings before starting and after finishing the practice. The goal was to see if this routine could help them feel more balanced and rested.

After the 10 weeks, the students reported feeling better in several ways. Their scores for feeling weak or tired, their sleep quality, their anxiety, and their depression all showed signs of improvement compared to how they felt before. They felt less anxious and slept a bit better than they did at the start of the program.

However, there is an important catch. The study found that the changes inside the group were not strong enough to meet the strict math rules scientists use to prove a cause-and-effect link. Because of this, we cannot say for sure that the exercise caused the improvement. We also did not hear about any safety issues or side effects during the 10 weeks. This study suggests the practice might be helpful, but more research is needed to confirm it works reliably.

What this means for you:
A 10-week gentle exercise routine showed promising signs of helping students feel better, though the results are not yet proven.

Study Details

Study typeRct
EvidenceLevel 2
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
Qi-deficiency constitution is a common constitution among college students and has already affected their normal life and study. Baduanjin promotes the circulation of Qi and Blood, and replenishes vital energy, which is of great significance for improving the improving Qi deficiency constitution of college students. This study aims to explore the clinical effects of a 10-week practice of Baduanjin exercise on the sleep quality and emotional state of college students with Qi-deficiency constitution. 37 college students with Qi-deficiency constitution and sleep quality problems were randomly divided into 18 cases in the control group and 19 cases in the training group. We compared the Qi-deficiency constitution conversion score, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) of the two groups before and after the intervention, and analyzed the correlation between the difference of the Qi-deficiency constitution conversion score and the difference of the total score of the PSQI as well as the clinical effectiveness of the two groups before and after the intervention. Before the intervention, the two groups were comparable in terms of Qi-deficiency constitution conversion score, PSQI, SAS and SDS (P > 0.05). After the intervention, there was no significant difference in Qi-deficiency constitution conversion score, PSQI, SAS and SDS in the control group (P > 0.05); the training group's Qi-deficiency constitution conversion score, PSQI, SAS and SDS were lower than that of the group before the intervention (P  Baduanjin can effectively improve the sleep quality, Qi-deficiency constitution and negative emotions of depression and anxiety in college students with Qi-deficiency constitution, and it is positively correlated with the improvement of Qi-deficiency constitution in terms of the degree of sleep improvement. Clinical Trial Registration: identifier ITMCTR2025000103.
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