A new analysis of 43 studies shows that measuring circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the blood can help predict survival in people with advanced non-small cell lung cancer that is not driven by specific gene mutations. Patients with detectable or high levels of ctDNA at the start of treatment had a 62% higher risk of death (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.40-1.87). Those whose ctDNA levels rose or stayed high during treatment faced an even greater risk, nearly 2.7 times higher (HR 2.69, 95% CI 2.35-3.09).
The findings suggest that ctDNA could be a useful tool for monitoring how well treatment is working and identifying patients who may need a different approach. However, the studies varied widely in methods and quality, which limits how strongly the results can be applied in practice. The analysis also noted possible bias from small studies.
No safety information was reported in the studies reviewed. The main takeaway is that ctDNA testing shows promise as a prognostic marker, but more standardized research is needed before it becomes a routine part of care. Patients should discuss any new tests with their doctor.
