Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) With Lenvatinib (E7080/MK-7902) vs. Docetaxel in Participants With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Progressive Disease (PD) After Platinum Doublet Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy (MK-7902-008/E7080-G000-316/LEAP-008)

Inclusion Criteria

• Has a histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic squamous or nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) -Stage IV: M1a, M1b, M1c.
• Has progressive disease (PD) on treatment with one prior anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) administered either as monotherapy or in combination with other checkpoint inhibitors or other therapies.
• Retreatment with the same anti-PD-L1/PD-L1 mAb is acceptable in the overall course of treatment
• Has PD during/after platinum doublet chemotherapy for metastatic disease.
• Has confirmation that EGFR-, ALK-, or ROS1-directed therapy is not indicated as primary therapy (documentation of absence of tumor-activating EGFR mutations [eg, DEL19 or L858R], and absence of ALK and ROS1 gene rearrangements OR presence of a K-ras mutation).
• Has submitted pre-study imaging that confirmed evidence of PD following initiation of an anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor.
• Has at least 1 measurable lesion by computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1, as determined by the local site assessment.
• Has provided tumor tissue for PD-L1 biomarker analysis from an archival sample (defined as: from initial diagnosis of NSCLC and prior to receiving immunotherapy [antiPD-1/PD-L1], from the primary lesion or a metastatic lesion).
• Has provided prior to allocation tissue from a newly obtained formalin-fixed sample from a new biopsy (defined as: after completion of immunotherapy [anti-PD-1/PD-L1] and before receiving a randomization number), of a tumor lesion not previously irradiated.
• Has Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 within 7 days before the first dose of study intervention but before randomization.
• Has a life expectancy of at least 3 months.
• Male participants receiving pembrolizumab ± lenvatinib or lenvatinib must agree to refrain from donating sperm, and either 1) be abstinent from heterosexual intercourse; or 2) follow contraceptive guidance during the treatment period or 7 days after the last dose of lenvatinib. Male participants receiving docetaxel agree to adhere to the same conditions during the treatment period and for ≥90 days after the last dose of study treatment.
• Female participants must not be pregnant, not be breastfeeding, and not be a woman of child-bearing potential (WOCBP). If a WOCBP, agrees to not donate eggs and either use contraception, or be abstinent from heterosexual intercourse during the treatment period and for ≥120 days after the last dose of pembrolizumab or 30 days after the last dose of lenvatinib, whichever occurs last. If a WOCBP receiving docetaxel, agrees to adhere to the same conditions during the treatment period and for ≥30 days after the last dose of study treatment.
• Has adequately controlled blood pressure (BP) with or without antihypertensive medications, defined as BP ≤150/90 mm Hg and no change in antihypertensive medications within 1 week before randomization.
• If participant received major surgery or radiation therapy of >30 Gy, they have recovered from the toxicity and/or complications from the intervention.
• Has adequate organ function.

Exclusion Criteria

• Has received docetaxel as monotherapy or in combination with other therapies.
• Has received lenvatinib as monotherapy or in combination with an anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mAb.
• Has received: 1) radiotherapy within 2 weeks before the first dose of study treatment; or 2) lung radiation therapy >30 Gy within 6 months before the first dose of study treatment.
• Has received a live vaccine within 30 days before the first dose of study treatment.
• Has clinically significant hemoptysis or tumor bleeding within 2 weeks before the first dose of study treatment.
• Has radiographic evidence of intratumoral cavitation, encasement, or invasion of a major blood vessel.
• Has clinically significant cardio