N/A
N=19
Metabolic Changes Induced by a Very Low Carbohydrate Diet in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes
Type1diabetes, Low Carbohydrate Diet
Bottom Line
View on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04955691 ↗Enrolled (actual)
19
Serious AEs
0.0%
Results posted
Oct 2025
Primary outcome: Primary: Percent Time in the Optimal Glucose Range — 71.20; 62.51 percentage of time — p=<0.001
Study Design & Population
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- N/A
- Interventions
- low carbohydrate diet (Other); standard carbohydrate diet (Other)
- Age
- Pediatric, Adult · 12+ yrs
- Sex
- All
- Sponsor
- Yale University
- Primary completion
- Aug 2024
Outcome Measures
| Outcome | Result | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| PRIMARY Percent Time in the Optimal Glucose Range |
71.20; 62.51 | <0.001 sig |
| SECONDARY Percent Time Spent With Hypoglycemia. |
0.42; 0.33; 1.27; 1.46 | 0.57 |
| SECONDARY Percent Time Spent With Hyperglycemia |
19.93; 23.20; 7.19; 12.5 | 0.006 sig |
Summary
As more adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) opt to follow very low carbohydrate diets to improve glucose control, it is becoming increasingly important to study the metabolic and neurological changes that occur on these diets and how these effect patient safety. Understanding the impact of dietary changes on metabolic and neurological factors will help guide clinical advice about the overall safety and efficacy of these diets in the pediatric T1D population. This work will be the basis of future studies testing dietary interventions to improve glycemic control and ensure that these dietary interventions are safe for growing youth with T1D.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for at least 1 year
- Hemoglobin A1c level < 10% within the past 2 months
- Provision of signed and dated informed consent form by the adult (if person is at least 18 years old) or parent and assent form if the participant is <18 years old.
- Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
- All sexes are eligible
- Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for at least 1 year
- Insulin pump use for at least 2 months.
- Ability to perform daily blood ketone checks, wear a continuous glucose monitor, willing to wear an activity monitor, willing to adhere to the study diets and keep a diet journal.
- For females of reproductive potential: use of highly effective contraception for at least 1 month prior to screening and agreement to use such a method during study participation and for an additional 4 weeks after the end of the dietary intervention.
- For males of reproductive potential: use of condoms or other methods to ensure effective contraception with partner
Exclusion Criteria
- Current use of glucose-lowering agents other than insulin
- Unstable psychiatric disorders, including eating disorders
- Weight loss medications within the last 6 months
- Pregnancy or lactation, or planning pregnancy within the next 6 months
- BMI < 19 kg/m2 for individuals 18 years of age or older
- BMI < 5%ile for individuals under 18 years
- Weight less than 49 kg or 108 pounds
- Other medical conditions that may interfere with glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity
Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04955691). Outcome figures and adverse-event rates are extracted automatically from the registry's posted results and are provided for clinician reference, not as a substitute for the primary publication.