A Pilot Study Using Facebook to Support Opioid Recovery Among American Indian Women

Inclusion Criteria - Phase 1:

AIAN Women:

• AIAN based on self-reported race.
• Gender identity as a woman.
• Resides in Minnesota.
• At least 18 years of age age with no upper age limit.
• OUD based on the DSM-5 Checklist (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
• Self-reports at least one month of opioid abstinence based on Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) interview.
• Currently receiving MOUD.
• Is comfortable speaking and reading English.
• Is familiar with Facebook.
• Has access to broadband internet on a mobile phone/computer/tablet at any location.

AI/AN Health Care Providers and Stakeholders

• Health care provider or AIAN community stakeholder.
• Knowledge of Native culture and/or OUD treatment and recovery among AIAN people.
• Is comfortable speaking and reading English.
• Is familiar with Facebook.
• Has access to broadband internet on a mobile phone/computer/tablet at any location.

Having some familiarity with the Facebook platform is needed to provide feedback on content for a Facebook intervention. Access to the internet is needed to view online moderator postings for providing feedback during the interview.

Inclusion Criteria - Phase 3:

• AIAN person based on self-reported race/ethnicity.
• Gender identity as a woman.
• At least 18 years of age.
• Resides in Minnesota.
• OUD based on the DSM-5 Checklist (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
• Self-reports at least one month of abstinence from opioid use based on TLFB interview and negative urine opiate screen.
• Currently receiving MOUD.
• Is comfortable speaking and reading English.
• Has an existing Facebook account or willing to set one up.
• Is willing and able to participate in the Facebook intervention for one month.
• Has access to broadband internet on a mobile phone/computer/tablet at any location.
• Is willing and able to travel to a community clinic in Minneapolis, Minnesota for the UDS.

Exclusion Criteria

AIAN potential participants in Phases 1 and 3 meeting any of the exclusion criteria listed below will be excluded from study participation. Community stakeholder participants in - Phase 1 will only fail the screening if they meet the second exclusion criterion:

• Self-reports current suicidality.
• Inability or unwillingness of participant to provide verbal consent (Phase 1) or written informed consent (Phase 3).
• (Phase 3 only) Was a participant in Phase 1.

Pregnant women, lactating women, or women who plan to become pregnant will not be excluded because the treatment being evaluated is a behavioral intervention and does not involve medication or risk to the fetus.