DMID 21-0041; Influenza CVD 59000

For Donors:

Inclusion Criteria

• Provides written informed consent, able to comply with the planned study procedures, available for between 2 and 5 days stay in the research quarantine unit for the CHIVITT, and have the ability to attend the scheduled follow-up visits.
• Subjects must be able to comprehend the study requirements, as evidenced by a score of ≥70% or better on the comprehension assessment (two attempts permitted).
• Males and non-pregnant, non-breastfeeding females1 aged ≥18 and ≤59 years of age, at time of initial consent.

*Pregnancy and breastfeeding status to be determined by self-report

• Laboratory-confirmed influenza infection within the past 48 hours at time of entry into the exposure event.

*A rapid antigen test in the setting of known local influenza activity and with symptoms suggestive of influenza at that time is acceptable

• Within the past 48 hours at time of entry into the exposure event, onset of influenza-like illness, as defined as fever (measured oral temperature of ≥100.2°F or self-reported fever in the absence of a measured temperature) AND cough or sore throat, or onset of less specific symptoms with a positive molecular test for influenza virus infection
• No self-reported or known history of alcohol or drug abuse within the past two years and no illicit drug use within the last 30 days.
• Do not have clinically significant medical, psychiatric, and chronic or intermittent health conditions including those listed in Exclusion Criteria.
• Does not have an ongoing symptomatic condition for which subject has had or has ongoing medical investigations but has not yet received a diagnosis or treatment plan.

*e.g., ongoing and debilitating fatigue without a diagnosis for the symptom.

• Agrees to the collection of specimens for secondary research.

Exclusion Criteria

• Female of childbearing potential who is breastfeeding or has positive urine pregnancy test upon admission to the hotel quarantine unit.
• Presence of self-reported or medically documented significant medical or psychiatric condition(s)5

*Significant medical or psychiatric conditions include but are not limited to:

a. Respiratory disease (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], asthma, cystic fibrosis) requiring daily medications6 currently or any treatment of respiratory disease exacerbations or hospitalizations for acute respiratory illnesses (e.g., asthma exacerbation) in the last 5 years.

• Asthma medications: inhaled, oral, or intravenous (IV) corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, long and short-acting beta agonists, theophylline, ipratropium, biologics.

b. Significant cardiovascular disease (e.g., congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease) or history of myocarditis or pericarditis as an adult.

c. Neurological or neurodevelopmental conditions (e.g., epilepsy, stroke, seizures, encephalopathy, focal neurologic deficits, Guillain-Barré syndrome, encephalomyelitis or transverse myelitis).

d. Ongoing malignancy or recent diagnosis of malignancy, including leukemia; treated, non-melanoma skin cancers are permissible.

e. An autoimmune disease. f. An immunodeficiency of any cause. g. A blood disorder (e.g., sickle cell disease) h. Endocrine disorders (e.g., diabetes) i. Liver, kidney, metabolic disorders j. BMI ≥40 kg/m2 k. Any other condition or behavior that in the opinion of the PI would affect the ability to participate in the transmission study over the next several days.

• Presence of immunosuppression or any medications that may be associated with impaired immune responsiveness7.
• Including, but not limited to, corticosteroids exceeding 10 mg/day of prednisone equivalent, allergy injections, immunoglobulin, interferon, immunomodulators, cytotoxic drugs, or systemic corticosteroids or other similar or toxic drugs during the preceding 12-month period. Low dose topical and intranasal steroid preparations used for a discrete period are permitted.
• Is a habitual smoker8 of tobacco,