Dyslipidemia and elevated lipid markers associated with incident hypertension in petrochemical employees

This retrospective cohort study evaluated the relationship between various lipid profiles, body mass index (BMI), and incident hypertension within a population of employees working in petrochemical enterprises. The analysis included traditional markers such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alongside non-traditional markers like non-HDL-C, the TG/HDL-C ratio, and the TyG index.

Analysis of hypertension incidence revealed that dyslipidemia was associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension. In men, elevated TC, TG, and LDL-C were significantly associated with hypertension, whereas in women, only TG showed a significant association. High LDL-C independently increased hypertension risk in the total population and specifically in men. Clear linear dose–response relationships were observed between increasing quartiles of TC and TG and hypertension incidence. Additionally, hypertension risk increased with the number of coexisting lipid abnormalities in men.

Non-traditional lipid markers, including non-HDL-C, the TG/HDL-C ratio, and the TyG index, were positively associated with hypertension and exhibited linear dose–response patterns. The presence of overweight and obesity further increased hypertension risk, particularly when combined with dyslipidemia. No safety data, adverse events, or discontinuations were reported in this study.

Key limitations include the retrospective design, lack of reported sample size, and absence of follow-up duration details. As an observational study, these results demonstrate associations and cannot establish causality. Clinicians should interpret these findings as supportive of risk stratification rather than evidence for direct causal mechanisms, noting that generalizability may be limited to similar occupational cohorts.