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Diabetes doubles the odds of moderate-to-severe hearing loss compared to healthy controlsDiabetes and Prediabetes Linked to Higher Risk of Hearing Loss

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Key Takeaway
Note that diabetes doubles the odds of moderate-to-severe hearing loss, especially in patients under 60 years old.

This meta-analysis synthesized data from 29 studies involving 5,221 participants to evaluate the prevalence of moderate-to-severe hearing loss (≥ 40 dB HL) among adults with diabetes and prediabetes. The study identified a pooled prevalence of 24% for hearing loss in patients with diabetes (95% CI: 19%-30%).

Key findings indicate that the odds of hearing loss are doubled in individuals with diabetes compared to controls (OR = 2.41; 95% CI: 1.62-3.60). Risk is significantly more pronounced in younger adults under 60 years old (OR = 3.03; 95% CI: 2.17-4.22) and among those with a disease duration of less than 10 years (OR = 2.68). Furthermore, patients in low- and middle-income countries faced significantly higher risks compared to those in high-income countries (OR = 4.51; 95% CI: 2.43-8.40).

The authors noted small-study effects as a limitation of the analysis. Given the strong association between diabetes and hearing impairment, these results support the inclusion of routine audiometric screening in standard clinical management for patients with diabetes and prediabetes.

How this fits prior evidence

This meta-analysis addresses a gap in understanding the sensory complications associated with metabolic disorders. While previous coverage has focused on pharmacological interventions like Metformin, Semaglutide, and Tirzepatide for managing metabolic health and weight, this study provides new evidence regarding the auditory impact of diabetes. It specifically highlights that the risk of hearing loss is significantly higher in younger adults and those in lower-income regions compared to high-income areas.

A large review of 29 different studies involving over 5,000 adults found a strong link between diabetes and hearing loss. The data showed that people with diabetes or prediabetes had more than double the odds of experiencing moderate-to-severe hearing loss compared to those without these conditions.

The risk appears particularly high for younger adults under age 60, who showed a much higher likelihood of hearing issues. Additionally, the study found that individuals in low- and middle-income countries faced a significantly higher risk than those in high-income countries. People diagnosed with diabetes for less than 10 years also showed an increased risk.

Because these findings come from observational studies, they show a link rather than a direct cause. The results suggest that hearing checks could be a helpful part of routine care for people managing diabetes. You should speak with your doctor to discuss how these findings relate to your specific health needs.

What this means for you:
People with diabetes or prediabetes may have higher risks of hearing loss, especially those under age 60.

Common questions

Who is most at risk for hearing loss if they have diabetes?

The study found that younger adults under the age of 60 had a significantly elevated risk of hearing loss. Additionally, people in low- and middle-income countries showed a much higher risk compared to those in high-income countries.

Does the length of time living with diabetes affect hearing?

The data indicates that individuals who have lived with diabetes for less than 10 years showed an elevated risk of hearing loss. This suggests that early stages of the condition are linked to potential hearing issues.

How common is hearing loss in people with diabetes?

The study found a pooled prevalence of 24% for moderate-to-severe hearing loss among people with diabetes. This means about one in four people in the study group experienced significant hearing loss.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedJul 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
Diabetes impairs hearing through microvascular damage and neuropathy, yet the prevalence of moderate-to-severe hearing loss (≥ 40 dB HL) remains inadequately explored. Variations by age, diabetes duration, and socioeconomic factors are inadequately characterised. This systematic review quantified the prevalence and comparative risk of moderate-to-severe hearing loss in diabetes and prediabetes, exploring variations across age, national income level, and disease duration. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL (2000-2025) for observational studies reporting audiometric thresholds in diabetic or prediabetic subjects (PROSPERO: CRD42018100742). Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effects meta-analyses generated pooled prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Publication bias was evaluated via funnel plots and Egger's regression. Of 3490 records, 29 studies qualified. Most examined type 2 diabetes; one included prediabetes. Twenty-three studies (n = 5221) yielded a pooled prevalence of 24% (95% CI: 19%-30%; I = 94%). Eleven studies showed diabetes doubled hearing loss odds versus controls (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.62-3.60; I = 86.6%). Risk was significantly elevated in younger adults (< 60 years: OR = 3.03, 95% CI: 2.17-4.22) but not in older adults (≥ 60 years: OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.72-3.22). Low- and middle-income countries showed the highest risk (OR = 4.51, 95% CI: 2.43-8.40) versus high-income countries (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.05-3.02). Diabetes duration < 10 years conferred elevated risk (OR = 2.68). Small-study effects were detected (Egger's p = 0.019) but sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness. One in four diabetic adults has clinically significant hearing loss, particularly in younger individuals and resource-limited populations. These findings support the integration of routine audiometric screening into diabetes care.
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