Researchers analyzed data from over 5,000 patients to compare how Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) affect the eyes. They used a specialized imaging technique called Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) to measure various layers of the retina.
The study found that people with NMOSD had significantly thinner retinal nerve fiber layers and lower macular volumes compared to those with MS. These differences were most noticeable in eyes that had a history of optic neuritis. Specifically, measurements for foveal volume and ganglion cell thickness were consistently lower in the NMOSD group.
While these findings show a clear link between the type of condition and specific eye measurements, the results are not yet enough to use as a definitive diagnostic tool. The researchers noted that more standardized imaging protocols and clearer diagnostic criteria are needed before these scans can be used routinely to tell the two conditions apart.
